Ozonoliza

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Ozone is an analytical technique for determining the chemical structure of a hydrocarbon component of organic chemicals based on the chemical reaction of ozone with these compounds and at the same time the name of the reaction itself.

An analysis of the hydrolysis products of the ozone-producing organisms allows the identification of certain aspects of the construction of organic compounds. Among other things, this can be determined by the location of the double bond in alkenes: An example of the application of ozonolysis as an analytical method

Relatively unstable ozone-depleted water decomposes to the corresponding aldehydes. The type of aldehyde proves the location of the double bond. When the double bond is in position 1, formaldehyde (metanal) is formed when the bond is in position 2, the acetaldehyde (etanal) is formed when propionaldehyde (propane) is added to position 3, etc. Hydrogen peroxide is also produced during the decomposition of the ozone. . In order not to oxidize aldehydes forming in the reaction medium, zinc is added to the reaction medium.

Today, ozonolysis is no longer practically used to test the structure of organic compounds, as faster structural techniques such as NMR or mass spectrometry are generally available.

In addition to its analytical significance, ozone is also of technological importance. It is used in industry to accelerate the biodegradation of organic waste and as one of the stages of synthesis of certain carboxylic acids and aldehydes.

The reaction mechanism is quite complex. The first stage is the creation of an indicative pre-reaction complex. Its existence was determined by way of calculations of hypertonic energy of the potential reaction of ozone with ethylene and confirmed by experimental method. Then there is the formation of a five-member cycloadlink according to the [2 + 3] cycloaddition rules. It is only after the regrouping of the original product that ozone is produced. Mechanism of ozonolysis reaction

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