Iron and sulfur center

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Rieske Iron-Sulfur Center.

Iron-sulfur centers, ferro-sulfur centers - are prosthetic groups of many enzymes. They are found in proteins of all living organisms, including certain mitochondrial respiratory chain (NADH-Q reductase, succinate-Q reductase, Rieske protein) and are essential for cell survival. Iron-sulfur centers are found in proteins with so-called non-haem iron. There are several types of iron-sulfur centers. The simplest of them contains one iron ion combined with four cysteine ​​residues. The second type of 2Fe-2S is composed of two iron ions linked by two inorganic sulfur atoms. At the same time, each of the iron ions is usually coordinated with two cysteine ​​residues. The third type of 4Fe-4S consists of four iron ions and four inorganic sulfur in cube form. This type of center is found in the Rieske protein.

Iron-sulfur centers are an important component of oxidoreducting. Iron ions can pass from the Fe to Fe form during the oxidation reaction and vice versa during the reduction reaction. Changes in the oxidation state allow electrons to be transported through the proteins involved in the respiratory chain. However, it is not linked to the transport of protons.

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