Balchik-Alakolska Basin has the shape of an irregular ellipse with a longer east-west axis. It is surrounded by the Foothills of Kazakhstan from the west and north, and through the mountains of Majjarylgan, Mount Czu-Ilijskie, Malajsara, Dzungarski Ałatau from the south. The eastern part of the valley is called Emin Valley (its eastern end is already in China) and is closed by the Tarbagatai mountain range to the north and Ba'erluke and Musitaoling from the south. In the south-east, the Jungle Gate connects the Balkh-Koala Basin with the Jungle Basin.

The bottom of the basin lies at an altitude of 342 m. (shore of Lake Bałchasz) up to 756 m n.p.m. (hills between Lake Bałchasz and Sasykköl), on average - 600 m n.p.m. Along the western and northern edges of the valley stretches Lake Bałchasz. To the south of it lie a number of sandy deserts: Taukum, Sityjeski Atyrau, Mojynkum and Żamankum. The deserts are cut in the valleys of the rivers flowing from Tiensan to Bashkara: Ili, Karat, Aksu and Lepsa. The eastern end of the valley occupies the foot of the Emin Valley, with Lake Sasykköl and Ala-Kol surrounded by marshes.

Bałchaska-Alakolska Basin is of tectonic origin - it is a great breakthrough, filled with sandy river sediments. The sands are formed in half-fixed dunes with altitudes of up to 30 m. Bure soils, gray-brown, sooty chickens. Continental climate, dry (135-200 mm of rainfall per year).

Bałchasko-Alakolska Basin is very sparsely populated. The settlements are concentrated on the northern coast of Bashkore and on the southern edge of the valley, at the foot of the mountains. Desert parts are uninhabited. Some land is occupied by pastures. The valley crosses the circular road and the railway line from Almaty to Semipalatinskaya.

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