Rayleigh number


Rayleigh numbers are one of the similarities used in fluid mechanics, associated with the transfer of heat in liquids. Named after Lord Rayleigh.

If the Rayleigh number is below the critical value for a given fluid, the heat flow is carried out by conduction when the value is above the critical value, the heat flow is mainly due to convection. The Rayleigh number is the product of the Grashof number, describing the relationship between the buoyancy force and the inertia force in fluids, and the Prandtl number, describing the relationship between fluid viscosity and temperature.

For natural convection near the vertical wall, this value is: R a x , c = G r x , c P r = g β ν α ( T s & # x2212; T & # x221E; ) x 3 {\displaystyle Ra_{x,c}=Gr_{x,c}Pr={\frac {g\beta }{\nu \alpha }}(T_{s}-T_{\infty })x^{3}}

where:

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