Southern Hybridization

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Southern blot hybridization - a method used in molecular biology to detect specific DNA fragments. Its name is derived from the name of Edwin Southern, who described it and introduced it in 1975.

To perform this, the electrophoretic separation of the DNA fragment mixture (for example, after restriction enzyme cleavage) should be performed and placed in an alkaline buffer that will cause DNA denaturation. Then the whole is transferred to the nylon membrane. After proper processing of this membrane with DNA, hybridization with the molecular probe is performed, followed by the detection of DNA fragments.

This test can be carried out in such a way that the amount of DNA in the test sample can be determined. The signal strength then translates into the level of DNA present in the sample. Southern hybridization is used, inter alia, after DNA restriction enzyme cleavage or by polymerase chain reaction using less specific primers or to detect foreign DNA in the test organism (for example human DNA).

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