Working capital
Working capital (referred to as working capital) is the surplus of current assets over short-term liabilities:
KON = CURRENT ASSETS - CURRENT LIABILITIES (current)
Net working capital is also part of the fixed capital of an enterprise that finances working assets rather than non-current assets: KON = PERMANENT CAPITAL - FIXED ASSETS
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Companies must maintain an adequate level of net working capital to ensure a proper relationship between the growth rate of the company, its sales and the level of current assets. For example, the increase in sales causes the need to maintain a higher level of inventory, and this in turn determines the need for funds needed to finance them.
The appropriate level of net working capital avoids:
The net working capital management strategies are two:
Conservative
Aggressive Components of working capital
Working capital consists of factors that remain in the enterprise for less than 12 months. The basic components of the balance sheet in the asset part and the second letter (B current assets) are: short-term receivables Other Receivables from other entities for taxes, subsidies, customs, social and health insurance and other benefits investigation in the court other Short-term investments cash and other monetary assets Other short-term investments Short-term prepayments. Gross working capital
There is also the concept of gross working capital (KOB), which represents the total value of a company's current assets. Hence, the term "working capital" is often referred to as net working capital.
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