Sensory adaptation

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Sensory adaptation, sensation adaptation - transitional and adaptive change of sense receptor or sense organ. Increasing the intensity of the stimulus causes a decrease in sensitivity and vice versa. Increasing sensitivity on the one hand increases the effectiveness of the senses, and on the other hand it protects (to a certain extent) from damage.

If an organ enhances its sensitivity, it is called sensitization or positive adaptation. This phenomenon can easily be seen in the cinema - immediately after entering during the show, it is difficult to see anything, but after some time there is a positive visual adaptation and can see much more details of the environment. In case of overexposure, reflex eyelid reflex, pupil narrowing and retinal sensitivity decrease. Another example of negative adaptation or desensitization may be the use of odors. Even very intense fragrances become unnoticeable after a certain time, but little air movement is enough to make the senses become active and the smell once again becomes noticeable. Bibliography

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