Political atomization

Political Atomization (atomic, indivisible, atomic, politico-state) is a phenomenon (also a process) involving the fragmentation of the political system, already known in antiquity.

Ancient Greece

The process of political atomization is characteristic of ancient Greece, where around the 8th century BC. a new socio-political structure, the so-called. city-state (polis). Greece has been divided into a large number of small autonomous states, functioning independently of each other and ruling their own, separate, yet unspecified laws. In the later periods, as a result of the trade that introduced economic ties, the isolation of cities was slightly reduced, although the principle of separatism and the participation of citizens in deciding their own destiny (Athenian democracy) remained a feature of Greece. Feudalizm

For many European countries this is a period of intense feudal fragmentation. In Poland, for example, the situation was as follows: in 1138 (under the testament of Bolesław Krzywoustego) the country was divided into five districts. In the next two centuries, the districts were divided in the same way, resulting in a considerable fragmentation of the country. XIX / XX wiek

In the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, national consciousness began to develop, based on this criterion the new states began to form; After the Second World War, this process has taken on a particular importance. For comparison: 1939 is 67 countries, 2007 -193.

The phenomenon of political atomization is a process characteristic of modern civilization. Nowadays, decentralization (the process of transferring to NGOs some of the public functions previously owned by the central government) is related to the empowerment of local communities and the development of self-government institutions. These organizations are hierarchically independent and represent the interests of local communities. In such a model, members of the local legislature are elected directly and controlled by their electorate.

Atomization (decentralization) of the power of creating multiple decision centers at different levels leads to a more complete fulfillment of social needs (preserving one's own identity and identification with a particular political order) and provides the opportunity to decide about the fate of one's own and the state. The atomization is the fact that the referendum, or the form of direct democracy, is becoming more and more frequent in government decision-making. A good example of the atomization of governments and the extension of local autonomy is regionalization.

In some Western European countries, where regional division refers to the common historical traditions and cultural distinctness of individual districts, regional identity is as strong as national or national. It can be said that political atomization is a testimony to the crisis of traditional institutions and political systems. Bibliography

wiki