Jānis Zvaigzne

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Jānis Zvaigzne (Latvian military lieutenant colonel), commander of the 5th Latvian SS Border Police, died on December 22, 1892 in Abelu, Latvia, within the borders of Russia, died on April 5, 1954; then the Construction Battalion "Zvaizgne" during World War II

In 1913 he volunteered for the Russian army. Served in the 105th Infantry Regiment, in which he participated in the First World War. He was promoted to lieutenant in October 1916. He was transferred to the company commander in the 8th Battalion and then to the Strzelecki Regiment in Valmiera. From August 1917 he commanded a battalion in the Latvian Reserve Regiment. In December of this year he was released from military service. In February 1918 he was arrested by the Germans; In April he managed to get out of jail.

In St. Petersburg, he was active in the anti-Bolshevik underground movement. In September he joined the White Army, embarking on the company's command and then becoming deputy commander of the officer squad. During the fighting with the Bolsheviks he was wounded. In June 1919 he was promoted to lieutenant colonel, and in October to colonel. From April of that year he commanded the Voronezhski Regiment, from May the Old English Battalion, and from October - 3 Independent Brigades. In March 1920 he became ill with typhus and was taken to Novorossiysk, where he was captured by the Bolshevik. He managed to deceive the Bolsheviks that he was a private soldier and was soon released.

He returned to Latvia, where he joined the Latvian army, receiving the rank of captain on October 30, 1920. Served as commander of the company, then the battalion in the 1st Regiment of the Border Regiment. In 1922 he moved to the 10th Infantry Regiment in Aizpute, being commander of the battalion, authorizing officer and chief of staff. In 1925 he was promoted to lieutenant colonel. From November 1939 he commanded a battalion in the 11th Infantry Regiment in Dobele, and from July 1940 he was deputy commander of the 7th Infantry Regiment in Sigulda. After the annexation of Latvia by the USSR, he remained in the military service, taking in September the function of deputy commander of 285th Rifle Regiment. In October, however, he was removed from the army.

When the German army occupied Latvia in 1941, it cooperated with the occupying forces. On February 19, 1944, he was mobilized to the Latvian SS troops, taking over the command of the 5th Latvian Border Police Regiment in the Waffen-Obersturmbannführer der SS (See: Latvian Police Border Regiment). Since December he was the commander of the Zvaizgne Construction Battalion. On May 9, 1945, he was captured by the Soviet Union in Kurland. He went to the filtering camp in Kharkiv. On July 28, 1948, he was sentenced to 25 years in prison. He died in a labor camp on 5 April 1954.

He was decorated with Russian Order of St. Jerzy 4 class with swords, Order of St. Stanislaus class 2 with swords and 3 classes with swords, Order of St. Anne 2 classes, 3 classes with swords and 4 classes, Order of St. Vladimir's 4th Class with Swords, Latvian Order of the Three Stars of the 4th Class, Iron Cross of the 2nd Class.

Biography by Janis Zvaigzne (łot.)

wiki

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