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Rose Berger, Leser (born June 20, 1889 in Cracow, died August 11, 1945) is the only officially confirmed victim of anti-Jewish riots that took place on August 11, 1945 in Cracow. She was born in Cracow as Rajzel Leser. On September 17, 1911, she married Josef Berger. After the outbreak of World War II she escaped from Cracow and hid. In August 1944 she and her daughter and granddaughter were deported to the German concentration camp Auschwitz-Birkenau, where she received the number 89186. After liberation she returned to her hometown. On August 11, 1945, she died from a shot taken by a closed door. She was buried in a new Jewish cemetery on Miodowa Street in Cracow. Rose Berger in the archival material of the Cracow Institute of Forensic Medicine is the only death victim of the pogrom in Cracow. Anna Cichopek, author of The Pogrom of Jews in Cracow, drew attention to the fact that Rose Berger's death was the only one confirmed by all the sources of the pogrom. wiki

The cemetery in Kochów Evangelical-Augsburg cemetery in Kochów - cemetery founded in the first half XIX century in the village of Kochowo, mainly for the needs of rural residents of German origin. Position The cemetery is set on a rectangular plot of 0.12 hectares and is located among the fields, on the southern side of the road running through the village, 600 meters from the crossroads with the Słupca - Giewart district road. The oldest gravestone in the cemetery is a monument built on the site of Emmy Stiller's burial in 1870, but there are many unidentified and not preserved tombs to this day. In the early 1990s many graves were liquidated due to the exhumation and transfer of the dead ashes by the descendants of buried people there. Renovation The cemetery was partially renovated by the youth from the Public Gymnasium in Drążna as part of the competition "Pro-ecological and pro-cultural activities within the rural development strategy" organized by the self-gov

Medical Support for Academic Youth, PaLMA - was founded in September 1945 in Lodz as a medical aid institution for university students. Similar institutions were organized in postwar Poland in many academic centers. PaLMA continued the pre-war sections of Bratnia Pomocy's health. The organization was the precursor of the Health Care Teams of the Academic Health Service in other student centers in Poland. Hence, the name PaLMA often appears in organizations for health care in higher education institutions in Poland. PaLMA centers were dissolved around 1951, and in their place were the Preventive and Prophylaxis Groups for Students. Bibliography wiki

Double Arch Double Arch (literally Double Arch) - A pair of natural arches with one common end. It is located in the state of Utah in the United States, in the middle of the Arches National Park known as The Windows Section. The span of the larger two arcs is about 50 meters. Double Arch is located in a relatively easily accessible part of the park. The arc is already visible from the car park, which leads to a well maintained, sandy walking trail about 0.8 km back and forth. Passing it to the arch and taking it back takes an average of 15-30 minutes. The opening scene of Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade is set against the backdrop of the arc. The cave in fact does not exist. wiki

Rock sample from Rhyne Chert from Harvard University collection Rhynie Chert - a paleontological position of the Konservat-Lagerstätten type containing plant and animal fossils of one of the oldest land ecosystems from early Devonian (about 400 million years ago). The site is located north of the village of Rhynie (Aberdeenshire, Scotland). It was discovered in 1912 by local doctor Dr Mackie. Fossils are preserved in siliceous fissures, formed near hot springs and geysers. As a result of the silica fossilization, the microstructure of the soft parts (plants with preserved cell structure, even with stomata) are very well preserved. The Rhyne Chert fossil collection includes about 60 taxa of flora and fauna: and arthropods: wije (Crussolum, Leverhulmia) eutykarcinoidy (Heterocrania) The oldest known wingless insects - Rhyniella praecursor jumpers. wiki

Jurajska GOPR Group is the youngest of the GOPR regional groups, established in 1998. The area of ​​activity of the group is Jura Krakowsko-Czestochowa. History The history of organized rescue at Jura started practically in 1993, when it was founded in Leszno (PZA camp) in Podlesice. Seasonal Rescue Station of the Beskid GOPR Group. Due to the lack of support and the provision of specialist equipment (taking into account the specific terrain) of the Beskidzka Group authorities, Jurassic Volunteer Emergency Service was established in 1996. The hardware situation improved, the number of rescuers rose, but as a small association JOPR began to exhaust its opportunities for further development, so after many discussions and discussions with GOPR Board Members it was decided to create a new, seventh regional group of GOPR. By decision of the 6th Congress of GOPR delegates, the Jurassic Group of the Mountain Voluntary Rescue Service was established on November 21, 1998. wiki

Project Ben Yehuda - inspired by the Gutenberg Project, a collection of classical Hebrew literature in the original language. Eliezer Jicchak Perelman, 1858-1922) is a Lithuanian Jewish linguist, the creator of modern Hebrew language who immigrated to Palestine in 1881 on the wave of the Jewish independence movement. All works have been digitized and converted to a format that is readable and searchable on the Internet. The library is intended for both academic and literary students. wiki

Shofar - musical project created on the initiative of Raphael Rogiński. The group's music is based on traditional Hasidic and free jazz music, reinterpreting pre-war Jewish religious songs (niguns, frejlaks). Their debut album was released in 2007 by Kilogram Records. In September 2007, Shofar next to the Wall, Mitch & Mitch, Pink Freud and other bands took part in a two-day Mizrach festival organized by the Museum of the History of Polish Jews in Warsaw; The track "Tis-Nign" recorded during this event was included on the Mizrach record attached to the December issue of Przekrój. December 18, 2013 at the Warsaw Magnificent Club took place the premiere of the DVD Shofar. The material was recorded at the club in February 2012. Composition discography wiki

Unknown fields: "source", "date and place of death", "date and place of birth", "full name", "quote" and "writer". Adam Cebula (born 8 March 1959 in Ząbkowice Śląskie) - Polish physicist, journalist and writer. Together with Eugeniusz Dębski, Andrzej Drzewiński and Piotr Surmiak, he is a member of the authoritative company of Katarzyna Wroclawski. Since 1978 he lives in Wroclaw. In 1984 he graduated from the Faculty of Physics at the University of Wroclaw, where he is currently working (at the Institute of Experimental Physics). In addition to short stories, he also writes articles, popular science articles, book reviews and other publicity articles for the monthly science fiction magazine, and to the online magazine "Fahrenheit." wiki

Michael Taubenheim (born May 24, 1968 in Berlin), German photographer Artist specializing in black-and-white photography, mostly male. He has no professional education in photography and is a carpenter by profession. He began his professional career at the age of twenty. In 1990 he started publishing his photographs in the Euros publishing house. In 1996 the German publisher Bruno Gmünder Verlag published the first large album of his works. It contained, among others. His own acts of the photographer and acts of his parents, partner and closest friends. He is currently the CEO of this publication. He is also the director of the Berlin-based "Cazzo Film Berlin" erotic film studio. Selection of works wiki

Abraham of Harran (born about 350 in Syria, about 420 in Constantinople) - holy Syrian, Syrian eremite, bishop. Very early on he began to lead a hermit life in the Chalkis desert. Having made miraculous healing, he began to share in the faith of one of the valleys of the Lebanese Mountains near Emesa. He returned to life in the eremand and then against his will he was elected bishop of Harran. He fought against the unorthodoxity and the violation of church law. The bishop's lifestyle led to the recognition of the faithful, and the news reached the imperial court, prompting admiration there. He died in Constantinople around 420, to which he went on the call of Theodosius II. His memory is celebrated on February 14th. Bibliography wiki

Resolution of the Sejm - a resolution of the Sejm and a decision of the President of the Republic of Poland, or an independent decision of the President of the Republic of Poland (permitted by the 1992 Little Constitution Act), which expires the mandates of deputies and senators before the constitutional term of office. As soon as the provisions of the President of the Republic come into force, the Sejm and the Senate are deprived of the powers of legislative and control activities until new elections are held. At the time when the Sejm and the Senate were dissolved, it was impossible to hold meetings of chambers, pass resolutions and statutes, as well as the activities of the Sejm and Senate committees. Only the Marshal of the Sejm and the Speaker of the Senate were allowed to do so. The 1997 Constitution of the Sejm and the President were deprived of the powers to dissolve. Since then there is only the possibility of shortening the term of the Sejm. After 1989 the Sejm and t

The Galician massif (Galicia, Spain, Macizo Galaico) is a mountain system in Galicia and the border region of Zamora and León Province, Spain. It is made of paleozoic rocks (granites), very metamorphic in the center and in the west of Galicia (eg gneiss). It is a geomorphological extension of the Iberian Mesopotamia to the north-west. Its sculpture, with an average height of 500 meters, is very complex due to the lack of specific mountain chains and increased river erosion, which results in fragmentation of the forest. However, you can distinguish three parts of the massif (from the south-east to the north-west): wiki

Ferdinand Wilhelm Wirtemberski (born 12 September 1659 Neuenstadt - died 7 June 1701 Sluis) - Prince of Württemberg. The son of Prince Frederick II and Clare Augusty von Braunschweig. Just like Friedrich August Württemberg-Neuenstadt's brother, he participated in the Dutch war as a captain in the regency of the Princes of Braunschweig-Lüneburg. He then took part in the Swedish-Danish war on the Danish side. During the Battle of Vienna he was under the command of Charles V. In 1688 he again joined the Danish army and along with 7,000 soldiers set out for Great Britain where he fought on the side of William III against James II. He participated in the Battle of Boyne where his brother Karol also fought. Ferdinand returned to the continent and again served in the Danish army, this time during the nine-year war he fought at the Battle of Neerwinden. After the war ended in 1697, Ferdynd served in the army of King August II. In 1701 he ended his military career and went to

Carrot cymes with honey Cymes - a common name for several Jewish dishes, most often served as a kind of dessert. Cymes in central and eastern Poland were most often called a dish, which is a kind of sweet goulash, most often containing in its composition fried carrots. Cymes are usually orange or red and are always sweet. There are types of cymes that are the main dish and contain meat and types that contain only vegetables and fruits and are served as dessert. Cymes, in addition to fried carrots, may contain potatoes, tomatoes, nuts, beef, chicken, pineapple, apples, dried plums and generally everything kosher, is just at hand and fits well with fried sweet carrots. In the old Galicia, cymes were also sometimes called apple baked in batter with vanilla sauce, raisins and cinnamon. In Galicia there were also cymes that resembled puddings or Easter eggs. Cymes were eaten as a dessert or a main dish during most Jewish holidays, but only those of a cheerful nature (Pascha, Rosh ha

Marzena Godecka, born Marzena D'Odorico (born 28 September 1978 in Bytom) is a Polish actress living in Australia. Curriculum vitae Marzena Godecki was born in Bytom, Poland, but at the age of four she emigrated with her parents to Australia. Here she studied at a ballet school in Melbourne. In Australia, she is best known for her role as Neri in the Ocean Girl series, where she won the casting at the age of 16. In 2008 she got married and has a son Nico. She currently runs a children's clothing store in Melbourne. Filmography Authoritative control (person): wiki

Felix Pęczarski (born in 1804 in Warsaw, died 12th October 1862 in Włocławek) - Polish painter. Peczarski's painting, published in the Old Polish Encyclopaedia by Z. Gloger Szulerzy, 1845, National Museum in Warsaw He was deaf; In 1818-1831 he was raised in the Institute of the Deaf in Warsaw. He studied Fine Arts and Painting at the Department of Fine Arts at the University of Warsaw with J. F. Krethlow, A. Blanka and Antoni Brodowski. He participated in exhibitions, receiving honors and medals. In 1828 he was in Germany. In 1847 he moved to Wloclawek. He painted religious paintings and portraits, and fame brought him pictures of the genre and customs, often with a satirical tone, formally referring to the Dutch painting of the 17th century. The work of Pęczarski was typical of the deaf-mute live gestures and expressive facial expressions. Bibliography wiki

Rodrigo Mannara (born December 24, 1979 in Buenos Aires) is an Argentinian football player who plays for left-back or in attack. He is currently in Puerto Montt club. Mannara started his career in the band Lanus, where he made his debut in 1998. After two seasons in Lanus he went to Arsenal's second division at the time. At the club, however, he was unsuccessful, so he returned to Lanus, where he played until 2004. In 2004, Mannara joined the Racing Club, but the club represented only one season. Then again he went to Arsenal de Sarandi. In 2006 he decided to leave Argentina, then signed a contract with the Chilean team Cobrelo Calam, with whom he played in the Copa Libertadores. In 2007 he moved to Puerto Montt without consulting Cobreola coach. In the Argentine Primera Division, Mannara played 134 matches in which he scored 14 goals. In the Chilean league he got a little better and scored 19 goals in 54 appearances. Profil na ESPNSoccernet Bibliography wiki

Functions of political power - specific tasks that the authority fulfills. Integration function It is about the implementation and coordination of conflicting actions of policy subjects around the overarching values ​​and interests conditioning the sustainability of the political system, including those of the political power and the social system. This function is one of the most important functions of the political power. This is due to the need to ensure the stability and normal functioning of the political system. Social groups represent different interests, sometimes in contradiction. Against this background, there are social conflicts. The prevailing relationships of superiority and subordination manifest themselves in the process of making and implementing political decisions. Conflict resolution and integration are the two sides of the dialectic of the action of political power. In social systems, conflicts are a natural state resulting from social inequalities. Integratio

T. I: In the silence of opened graves, the first edition: Cracow, Wydawnictwo Iskry, 1988 - the subject of the volume is the so-called. "The curse of Kazimierz Jagiellończyk": the series of deaths of persons participating in the opening of the king's grave in 1973, as well as the study of the royal graves at Wawel, the narrative of the second burial of Kazimierz Jagielloń and Elżbieta Rakuszanka. T. II: Wileńska's Jagiellonian Curse, first edition: Cracow, Wawelskie Publishing House, 1993 - the subject of the volume is supposed to be the curse of the tomb of King Aleksander Jagiellon in the Vilnius Cathedral. T. III: The last crusader of Europe. Vol. 1: Breathable sarcophagus Warneńczyka ?, first edition: Kraków, Wawelskie Publishing House, 1995 - the subject of the volume is a legend related to the supposed miraculous rescue of Wladyslaw Warneńczyk after the Battle of Varna. wiki

Jan Janský in 1902 of the year Janský'ego Medal Jan Jansky (born April 3, 1873 in Černošice) is a Czech neurologist and psychiatrist, pioneer of serology. It is attributed to the first division of blood groups into four types based on the ABO group system. He was an advocate of blood donation. Today honorary blood donors in the Czech Republic are rewarded with the medal of his name (Janského plaketa). Janský studied medicine at the Charles University in Prague. From 1899 he worked in the Prague psychiatric clinic. In 1914 he became a professor. During World War I he served two years as a doctor on the front, but after a heart attack he became incapable of service. After the war he worked as a psychiatrist in a military hospital (Vojenská nemocnice). He died of coronary heart disease. Authoritative control (person): wiki

Portrait of Tadeusz Rychter by Stanisław Janowski Tadeusz Rychter (born 1873 in Lviv, died 1943 in Warsaw) - painter and graphic designer. Studied at the School of Fine Arts in Cracow, Teodor Axentowicz, Józef Unierzyński, he also took part in the workshops of Jan Stanisławski. He completed his education at the Munich Academy. After graduation he settled in Cracow, engaging in artistic life here. working with Cabaret "Green Balloon". From 1907 he was a member of the paramasonian field of theosophists, and in that year he founded an experimental graphic studio with Henryk Szczygliński. He served in the Polish Legions. Next to the paintings, he also made posters and exlibrations, often under the influence of Japanese art. wiki

Lajos - in Greek mythology King Teb, son of Labdakos, husband of Jokes and father of Oedipus. Lajos drew a curse on the family. He once visited King Pelops and seduced his son. But when he abandoned him, the boy committed suicide. The Delphine oracle told Lajos that the Jocast boy would be his killer and marry his own mother. When Jokasta had named the boy, who was later named Oedipus, Lajos ordered him to pierce his son's nail and leave him in the mountains near Corinth. Oedipus brought up a royal couple from Corinth - Polibos and Meropa. The prophecy was fulfilled when Oedipus encountered Lajos on his way and quarreled his father. Another myth relates to Lajos, as the first Greek pedoist, who had passion for Chrysippos (14 years) - Pelops and Hippodamei, kidnapped him and forced him into bodily contact, then left him in the wilderness. Hera, wanting to punish Lajos, sent her to the Sphinx, devouring people who could not solve his riddle. wiki

Jan Kochanowski with Urszulka - picture by Wladyslaw Luszczkiewicz wiki

Logic is a direction in the philosophy of mathematics, assuming that its basis can be based on the logic of logic (cf. logic). In particular, it reduces mathematics as a science to a special kind of formal logical theory that implements a set of axioms and derives conclusions based on a set of definitions (cf. formalism (mathematics).) Logicism has played a significant role in the founding of modern mathematics. His success owes to Giuseppe Pean's creation of a coherent axiom of natural numbers and the creation of a coherent theory of logical calculus based on the theory of types eliminating the antinomies of self-repudiation classes and other problems that hindered the foundations of mathematics at the beginning of the 20th century by Russell and Alfred Whitehead. However, further development of mathematics has led to the founding of mathematics based on the theory of multiplicity and its association with logic. The difference between logic and formalism is that logic does

Tylon (Tilo) (born May 22, 1295) is a close associate, notary, then protonographer of the last Wielkopolska Piasta Przemysla II, a Santotok preacher. <> Tylon was from the bourgeois family. His other brothers were Przemysl writers: Jasło, Mikolaj (later Poznan canon), Jakub (canon and notary bishop of Poznan). They were also the fifth brother of Stefan, who was also a Poznan canon. At the office of Prince Notre Dame Tylon, he was chiefly from 1273 to 1286, and in 1286 he became a chaplain of the duke and protonotarian. Shortly afterwards, Tylon left the Chancellery of Przemysl II and was (presumably thanks to the support of the Prince) the premonition of Santos. Leaving the new office did not stop Tylon from continuing to stay close to the manor, as he also frequently appeared in the documents of Przemysl, as a witness of legal actions, when he left the office. Throughout the period of Przemysl II's reign, over 200 diplomas went out of his office, of which at least one

The theory of cumulative circular processes - the theory that launching the process of growth and economic development in underdeveloped countries is possible thanks to active state interference. According to Ragnar Nurske, in a country with poorly developed economies, there are cumulative processes that make the state of backwardness consolidate in it and prevent the emergence of self-accelerated economic growth. Interruption of these processes requires the active role of the state, focused on creating the industrial sector. Nurske suggests the existence of a poorly developed circular system of forces in the country that interacts with one another, making the poor country unhappy. This situation is stated by the statement that the country is poor because it is poor. Bibliography Magdalena Majchrzak: Introduction to economic policy. Szczecin: 2007. wiki

Consolidated democracy - the form of a mature political system in the sense that democratic mechanisms have appeared in them a relatively long and durable time trial. The maturity of consolidated democracies also means that they have proven themselves over a longer period of time. With the exception of Spain, Portugal and Greece, none of the countries mentioned since World War II did not have a democratic breakdown. In this sense, consolidated democracies can also be defined as stabilized systems, despite the distortions that have arisen in their surroundings. At the turn of the 1980s and 1990s, all states of Western Europe, the United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Japan, and Israel were included in the list of advanced democracies. What connects all these states is the fact that unrestrained political rivalry has not led - at least for a quarter of a century - to the threat of birth or return of authoritarianism. The common features of consolidated democracy do not mean

French Communauté française - remnant of the French colonial empire. It was created by the provisions of the Constitution of the V Republic of 1958 and replaced the French Union which had been established earlier. The Community covered: The provisions of the Community Statute contained in the 1958 Constitution have not entered into force, hence the relations between the V Republic and the States forming the Community are based on bilateral or multilateral international agreements, which specifically bind the former French colonies not only to France, but also with the European Union (preferential and trade treaties with Yaoundé, Lome, Cotonou). wiki

Eurospace - a non-profit association of space industry companies; member of the AeroSpace and Defense Industries Association of Europe; created in 1961 in France. It deals with the broad issues of the aeronautics and space industry. The organization's budget is approximately 800,000 euros a year. About 70% of this amount comes from membership fees. Remainder, from contracts with European space agencies and the European Union. Working groups and Eurospace panels: Bibliography wiki

Wanda Chodkowska, sister of Anicilla (born March 25, 1905 in Krzepice, died August 1, 1944 in Warsaw) - nun, soldier AK. The nun from the Congregation of the Ursuline Sisters of the Sacred Heart of Jesus dying from the house in Warsaw at Gęsta Street 1. In the Warsaw Uprising, a paramedic in the sanitary patrol of the WSK of the AK District of Śródmieście. She fell on the street Gęsta on the way to the wounded, along with the nurses: Zofia Bagińska, Maria Deymer and Jadwiga Frankowska. The posthumous Cross of Valor. Remigius's daughter. Bibliography wiki

PCkurier - a bi-weekly computer publishing house published by Lupus for 14 years, whose first issue appeared in mid-December 1989. History Written by Tadeusz Wilczek (hence the name Lupus, from the wolf), Grzegorz Eider and Tomasz Zieliński. It filled the gap in the computer magazine market created after the suspension of the computer magazine published in the second half of the 80s by RSW "Press-Book-Ruch." During this period, the entire staff of PCkuriera editorial staff - founders, employees and co-workers - created computer-related people. (The rights to the Computer title were later redeemed by IDG Poland S.A., also based on former employees and computer collaborators - the result of which is the PC World Computer, which goes out today.) The first issue, published in 1500 copies and 16 pages, quickly grew in size and quantity, becoming the most important source of current information about the computer market in Poland at the turn of the 1980s and 1990s. At its p

Nine Pintupi - a group of nine Pintupi found in 1984 leading traditional hemispheric life in the Gibson Desert. They are sometimes referred to as a "lost strain." They are considered to be the last Aboriginal to lead such a life. They moved near the waterfalls at Mackay Lake, at the border of Western Australia from the Northern Territory, naked and armed with two meters of spear and boomerang. The basis of their diet were goanna lizards resembling small crocodiles and rabbits, as well as plants available in the bush. The group is family - four brothers (Warlimpirrnga, Walala, Thomas and Yari Yari), three sisters (Yardi, Yikultji and Tjakaraia) and two "mother" (Nanyanu and Papalanyan). Boys were 14 to 20 years old, girls were also several years old (no one knows the exact age). Mothers were 30 years old. Father, husband of two wives, died a few months before the group was found. The group was targeted by Circus Oz, Geoff Tulla, Charlie McMahon and several abori

Central Palm Festival "Palmiry" - an event organized annually since 1959 by the Polish Tourist-Touring Association, combining actions to commemorate the glory of Polish arms and the country. The rally is held in October, one week before the Feast of the Dead and is intended primarily for children and youth from all over Poland. The rally takes place on different routes in terms of time and difficulty. It has a star-like nature, mostly overlapping with tourist routes, leading from different parts of the Masovian region and ending in the Palmiry Cemetery in the Kampinos Forest. History of the Rally The beginning of the Palmiry's Central Youth Meeting was a walking tour organized in 1959 by activists of the Warsaw branch of the Polish Tourist and Country Association. On the eve of the holiday of the dead, a group of tourists and scouts from the circle of PTTK "Mazovia" and the Mazowieckie District, decided to pay tribute to the victims of the genocide killed i

XPA - A human protein encoded by the XPA gene at locus 9q22.3, involved in the nucleotide repair (NER) repair process. The XPA gene encodes a 273 amino acid polypeptide chain and an estimated 31 kDa cellular mass. Human protein exhibits 95% homology with a murine counterpart and contains many α-helis and zinc finger motif as other DNA binding proteins. The XPA genre contains six exons. XPA protein binds to ERCC1 protein. It was found that the function of the XPA protein is to bind the ERCC1 protein-cutting complex and recruit it to the DNA damage site, which is an essential part of the NER repair mechanism. The mutations in the XPA gene are responsible for one of the xeroderma pigmentosum (Type A or Type I, OMIM * 611153). wiki

Unknown fields: "source", "date and place of death", "date and place of birth", "full name", "quote" and "writer". Erik Otto Larsen (born 26 November 1931 in Hvidovre, died January 2008) is a Danish painter, graphic designer and writer. As a painter Larsen debuted in 1965 at the annual autumn exhibition of Danish painting (Danish Kunstnernes Efterårsudstilling). In 1988 he published his first book, a crime novel titled " Pondus sidste sag. One of his novels, titled Masken and the Spade, was awarded the Glass Key Award in 1995 by members of the Scandinavian Criminal Association for the best crime novel. In 1994, Danmarks Radio, based on the novel Manden der holdt op com at smile, filmed a four-part crime television series titled Frihedens skygge. Creation Awards Authoritative control (person): wiki

Blue meridian (local meridian) - a large circle on the celestial sphere passing through blue poles and zenith. The blue meridian is the place where the culmination (pumping or piling) of celestial bodies takes place. Contrary to language habits, derived from the use of a similar term in geography, the meridian name is reserved in the celestial sphere only for that one large circle (or its half). Any other large circle in the celestial sphere that performs the same function as the meridians of the earth, carries different titans, and so we speak of a family of vertical wheels, hour or time wheels, or of wheels of length. The concept of the meridian is primitive to the notion of a meridian that is its projection on the surface of the Earth. wiki

Oryzowski Jan (ukr .: Оришевський Ян) (born around 1535 - died about 1608) - Cossack hetman, from 1580 to 1591 belonged to elders, one of the organizers of the Cossack register. He came from a polonized Ukrainian nobility. In 1576, he was the assistant of Prince Michal Wiśniowiecki, Prince of Poland (Вишневецький Михайло), commanding a register of Cossacks. From 1580 he supported the Stefan Batory Army in the fighting against the Moscow State, and in 1585 organized an attack on the Crimean Khanate. In 1587 he was a representative of the invited army for the Electoral Diet of the Commonwealth, who made the election of Zygmunt III Vasa. In 1600 he acted as the negotiator between the Polish authorities and the Cossacks regarding the Cossack coalition in the expedition to Moldova. He died most likely in the town of Hajsyn, in the Winnipeg oblast. Bibliography wiki

Extreme Light Infrastructure - a joint initiative of the European Union for the construction of high power lasers (200 petawatts) financed by the European Commission; the first project implemented under the European Strategy Forum on Research Infrastructures. The project is attended by more than 300 scientists from 50 research institutions from 13 countries. The preparatory work in 2008-2011 took 6 million euros. 416 mln. euros. Three ELI centers will be established in the Czech Republic, Romania and Hungary. wiki

Coat of arms of Dobroń municipality Coat of arms of Dobroń commune depicts a shield divided in the cross. In the golden box the inscription "1398" with red digits. In the blue box the red pole, on it a trumpet to the left of gold. In the blue field the silhouette of the golden tree over the sky. In the golden box, three ears in a green belt. Date 1398 is the year of the first mention of Dobron, the trumpet symbolizes the local brass band. Ears are a symbol of agriculture. The figures in the coat are free of contours. Blue should be replaced with blue. wiki

Julio Llamazares Julio Llamazares (born March 28, 1955 in Vegamián) is a Spanish writer, novelist, essayist, poet and journalist. He grew up in the province of León, near the border with Portugal, later becoming the backdrop for many of his works. At the age of 12 he settled in Madrid. The first novel - Luna de lobos - was published in 1979. Three books of this author were published in Poland: The river of oblivion (2007), the journal of travel and two novels Yellow rain (1988) and Scenes from Silent Films (2005). The second one is set in the mining settlement Olleros. Her narrator, author's alter ego - looking at family photographs - returns to childhood. Llamazares books were filmed. Bibliography Authoritative control (person): wiki

Street musicians play music Polka (semi-circle, semicircle) - popular in many countries folk dance, in the 2/4 meter, in a fast pace. Many ethnographers and ethno-ethnologists point to the Czech origin of dance. It is also considered traditional folk dance of Poland already in the nineteenth century, known in all ethnographic regions, including Podhale (polka Sądecka). It was established around 1822 and has gained worldwide popularity, especially in Poland, Germany and Italy. Next to the waltz was a very popular social dance in the nineteenth century. The name comes from the Czech word "půlka", meaning "half". After the November Uprising it was changed to polka in honor of the Poles or in honor of the Polish singer Esmeralda. The most famous authors were Bedřich Smetana, Antonín Dvořák, Stanisław Moniuszko, Piotr Czajkowski, Igor Strawinski and Dmitri Shostakovich. It was discovered by Joseph Neruba in 1830. There is also a legend that the dance was arranged

Al-Haram al-Ibrahim) is a cave in Hebron, Palestine, in the Palestinian Authority, which, according to the Old Testament, bought the patriarch Abraham to bury his wife Sarah (cf. Gn 23, 1-20). She was originally owned by Efron Hittyty, and Abraham bought her for 400 silver shekels. Although the tribes of the Hebrews were certainly unknown to the tribe of the Hebrews, the tribal shrines were originally unknown; the memory of Sarah's burial place was still alive among the Israelites. In the Egyptian captivity, according to the Book of Genesis, they never ceased to mention the place where their ancestors rested. They were buried in the cave: Abraham himself, Isaac with his wife Rebekah and Egyptian deceased. Due to the graves of the Patriarchs in Makpela, King David chose Hebron as his first capital. After the destruction of Jerusalem by Nebuchadnezzar, Hebron and Makpela became the property of the Idumans. The Jews returned to Makpela after being released from Babylon. The cave n

Mario Calderara (born 10 October 1879 in Verona, March 18, 1944) is an Italian aviator and inventor. In 1912 he designed, built and successfully sailed the world's largest aeroplan. Calderara has been passionate about flying from an early age. He served in the Italian Navy. Inspired by Otto Lilienthal's gliders, he convinced the Italian navy to allow him to experiment with gliders on the water. After many failed and failed attempts to take off from the water, he decided to take a six-month leave from the army and study in Paris with the aircraft manufacturer Gabriel Voisin. In 1919, Calderara applied for admiralty to build a new type of airplane that could take off and land on the water. In those days, the seaplane did not exist, except for the French model, designed by Fabre, who had many faults. Flying was a great Calderara passion. Calderara, like many other pioneers, was scared. When he learned about the successes of the Wright brothers, he wrote to them asking for t

Terra Cracoviensis (Terra Cracoviensis) - a territorial unit of the medieval Polish state, since 1138 the main part of the senior district (with the time the Duchy of Kraków). After 1314 Cracow land was transformed into the Cracow province. John Długosz in his work from 1464 to 1480, presented that Cracow's land was the main part of the Kingdom of Poland and a metropolis in relation to other lands. The coat of Cracovian land was an eagle in the crown turned heraldically to the left. History In 1138 the land of Cracow entered the district of the senior. From 1173 it belonged to senior Mieszko III Old. As a result of the revolt against him in the years 1177-1191 Kraków was ruled by the Kazimierz II Righteous. After 1314 Cracow was transformed into Cracow. wiki

Shōchiku headquarters Shochiku Company, Limited (Japanese 松竹 株式会社, Shōchiku Kabushiki Gaisha) is a Japanese film studio that also produces kabuki theater productions and distributes anime films. Some of the directors associated with Shōchiku are Yasujirō Ozu, Kenji Mizoguchi, Keisuke Kinoshita and Yōji Yamada. Shōchiku also produced films by independent directors Takashi Miike, Takeshima Kitano, Akira Kurosawa and Taiwanese wave representative Hou Hsiao-Hsien. Shōchiku was founded in 1895 as a production company for kabuki productions. The film was produced in 1921. It was the first to introduce Hollywood film production standards, including the star-promoting system. Shōchiku is the oldest continuously operating film studio in Japan. wiki

Alboin - the prince of Spoleto in the years 757-758. He was elected to the prince by the people of Spoleto without the King's consent. While Pope Stefan II was working to hand over the kingdom to Dezolidius, he also sought to restore the duchy of Benvenot and the Duchy of Spoleto to the King Frank by Pepin the Short. Alboin and Liutprand, the prince of Benewent, entrusted their princes to the Franciscan king, who did not ask for it. Scouting went off, destroyed Spoleto and Benewent and captured Alboin (Liutprand escaped). The decisive person personally took up the prince's duties in Spoleto. Bibliography wiki

Type A personality, behavioral type A, type A behavior is a personality type, characterized by high levels of stress, time pressure, tendency to rival behavior, high levels of ambition, aggressiveness and hostility towards others. A person from the WZA perceives the environment as threatening and lives in a perpetual alarm (stress phase). In terms of psychological theoretical constructs, the WZA is characterized by neurotic extraversion (EPQ-R) and low level of agreement (NEO-FFI). The hypothesis about the occurrence of personality type A was first put on by Osler. It is based on the premise that there is a connection between a person's personality and his cardiovascular disease. American cardiologists, Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenman have conducted research that has shown that heart disease is twice as common in people who seek perfection and are in constant haste. There have been many longitudinal studies on type A personality and the risk of CWS: Some contemporary researche

Chwalisława, Falisława - Old Polish female name, composed of Chwali- ("praise, glory, thank you") and -issue ("glory"). Probably meant "the one who praises fame." In Polish sources since the 13th century. Falisława's form was created as a result of the simplification of the group in f, which took place in Silesia, in Małopolska and in Mazovia in the Polish prehistory. Men's equivalents: Chwalisław, Chalisław, Falisław, Kwalisław. Chwalisława, Falisawa's name day celebrates 30th April. Bibliography wiki

Guillem de Cardon, Guillem de Cardon (born 1156, 12 July 1225) - Cardinal Viscount, 1177 - 1225, one of the most beloved baronesses of medieval Catalonia. The son of Ramon Folch III and Isabel Sibilli d'Urgell. He took power in hereditary lands after the death of his older brother Berenguer I, who died several months after Ramon Folchu III. Guillem I at the side of Peter II was fighting at Murèth (1213) against the crusaders against Simeon of Montfort. Nunyo Sanxes and Guillem III de Montcada, together with Count Rosselló (Roussillon, France), continued to fight the Crusaders in the Languedoc, attempting to force Montfort to release the successor of the Catalan-Aragonese throne, Jacob and the Conqueror. During the minors, I was a member of the seven-member regency council appointed by Innocent III on January 23, 1216, at the side of the Attorney General, Count Sanac. He belonged to the royal creditors as a wealthy nobil deriving profits from the salt mine located in his lands.

Barbara Walters Barbara Jill Walters (born September 25, 1929 in Boston) is an American television journalist. First woman-anchor on US television. She led, usually with the men, the Today programs (NBC, 1962-76), the Evening News (ABC, 1976-78), 20/20 (ABC, 1984-2004). According to Ladies Home Journal, the fourth most powerful woman in America. She was born into a Jewish family that came from Eastern Europe (her grandfather, Isaac Abrahams, was born in Lodz), a USA owned nightclub network, and Barbara was a celebrity. After graduating from college (1953) she went to CBS News, then to NBC. In 1999, she conducted a famous interview with Monika Lewinsky for ABC (74 million viewers). She also held the inauguration of the presidents and the September 11, 2001 attacks. She conducted interviews with many world leaders and celebrities. Currently, he leads the ABC program The View (since 1997), where he is often seen in heated political and moral debates. She had three husbands. Her

Fragrance marketing, aromamarketing - sensory marketing concept consisting of flavoring the company premises. The essential task of aromamarketing is to create a pleasant, prozacupową atmosphere in the place of sale and in customer service points. Aromamarketing is a tool that helps you build brand image. Properly selected fragrance makes the customers identify the company as more exclusive, selling higher quality products. History aromamarketingu Aromamarketing has been used for the first time as a tool to build competitive advantage in the 1990s in the US and Australia. In April 2006, the first aromatherapy project in Poland was completed in the cinema hall. Jan Jakub Kolski's "Jasminum" films in Cracow, Warsaw, Wroclaw and Sandomierz were made more attractive by the smell of jasmine floating at the entrance. wiki

Pettica of Cirty (born 354, died 419/422) - Early Christian writer, Donald Bishop of Cirta (Constantina). Before he joined the Donatists he was a Catholic advocate. He had a polemic with Augustine of Hippo. Pisma From the poetical writings of Cirty One, we can reconstruct the Epistle ad presbyteros et donatistas adversus catholicam and the two apostolic letters from Augustine: (De unico baptismate), as well as several speeches given at the Donatists' Conference with Catholics in 411 in Cartagena. Bibliography wiki

The agreement with Taif (Arabic: اتفاقية الطائف) - an agreement terminating the Lebanese civil war concluded on October 22, 1989 in Taif, Saudi Arabia. It entered into force on 4 November 1989. The agreement is also referred to as the National Accord. At the end of September 1989, the League of Arab States was convened in Taif by the Lebanese Parliament. On 22 October there was a so-called. National Consensus Card, what is considered a turning point in the civil war in Lebanon. The agreement envisaged far-reaching political reforms strengthening the position of the prime minister at the expense of the president. Syria has been entrusted with overseeing its implementation, with which Lebanon has special relations, according to the Charter. In 1990, according to the Charter of National Consensus, amendments were made to the constitution giving greater power to the Muslims, and on December 24, 1990 the government of national unity was formed with the pro-Sunni leader, Omar Karami. H

Georg, baron Wachslager - torunian in Swedish service was a Swedish diplomat living at the turn of the 17th and 18th centuries. Georg Wachslager was Sweden's three-time representative in Poland; initially as secretary of the embassy and resident (1693-1700), as resident (1704-1705) and finally as extraordinary (1708-1715). In 1705 peace negotiations with 12 anti-Saxon commissioners of the Warsaw Confederation were led by Arvid Horn, Palmberg and Wachslager. Bibliography wiki

Orangerie in Darmstadt - south facade Orangerie in Darmstadt - north facade Orangerie Orangerie is a conservatory building in the German city Darmstadt in the district of Bessungen in the south of the city. In 1716 French architect Louis Remy de la Fosse was commissioned by Ernest Ludwik, a landgrave of Hessen-Darmstadt. The building was built between 1719-1721 in the Baroque style. The building looks completely different on both sides. On one side you can see the typical shape of a Baroque mansion, on the other there are large arched windows. The baroque park next to the building is the work of J. K. Ehret of Heidelberg, court gardener of Hesse-Darmstadt. After the Second World War, the building served as a temporary seat of the theater. Today it is used as a concert hall due to its excellent acoustics. In the north part is located, among others. restaurant. Bibliography wiki

Detleff Nebbe (born June 20, 1912 in Huson, Germany) is a Nazi criminal, member of the Auschwitz-Birkenau Concentration Camp and SS-Hauptscharführer. Curriculum vitae He completed 7 classes of elementary school, and the profession was a trader. On September 15, 1939, Nebbe was appointed to the Waffen SS, and on October 15, 1940, he was assigned to the Auschwitz concentration camp where he remained until April 1944. In the camp From February 1941 he served as a sergeant in a guard company. He was known as a National Socialist doctrinaire and a zealous servant. This was manifested, on the one hand, in the fact that he held firmly in the confidence of the SS men in his company, spreading terror among them. On the other hand he treated the prisoners cruelly, often beating them and insulting them. In this way he gave examples to other SS men as to how to behave towards prisoners. For his fervent service he was awarded the Cross of Merit of the Second Class with swords. After the war, N

DotGNU Portable.NET is a DotGNU Common Language Infrastructure implementation for creating and running applications developed in .NET using C or C #. It includes the cscc compiler, the System.Windows.Forms class library, and the ilrun runtime environment. DotGNU Portable.NET is primarily for the GNU / Linux operating system, but there are also versions for Microsoft Windows, NetBSD, FreeBSD, Solaris and OS X. Supported architectures are x86, PowerPC, ARM, Sparc, s390, Alpha. , IA-64 and PARISC. wiki

Josef Jarolin (born March 6, 1904, died 28 May 1946) is a Nazi criminal, high ranking SS officer in the Dachau concentration camp and SS-Obersturmführer. In the years 1940-1942 Jarolin was the head of the camp and deputy commander (Schutzhaftlagerführer) in the Dachau camp. He then held the same function until 1943 in the Dachau-Allach sub-camp. He was known for his atrocities against prisoners, murder and other acts of sadism (including torturing prisoners with a special whip). During the Dachau crew process before the American Military Tribunal Josef Jarolin was one of the main accused. In view of the indisputable evidence of the crime, he was sentenced to death by hanging. Judgment was made at the Landsberg Prison in May 1946. Bibliography wiki

External filter - one of the most important elements of an aquarium. This filter is placed outside the aquarium. Only hoses or tubes are added to the filter, so there is no space in the aquarium. The plastic housing is a motor, thanks to which the water is sucked into the filter and out to the aquarium. There is also a place for filter cartridges that can perform different roles, eg mechanical filtration: area: Water softener: absorption of anionic and ammonium ions nitrate removal killing harmful bacteria, reducing pH, kH: stabilization Removing harmful compounds: The filter performs many functions, such as clearing water from floating suspensions, boosting the bacteria, forcing water to circulate in the aquarium. Often it also acts as an aerator and even a temperature control system and continuous water change, but these are already very expensive models. Division External filters are divided into overflows (cascades) and canisters (buckets). Cascades are cheaper,

Jan den Haen (born 1630 in Gouda - died June 2, 1676 in Palermo) - Dutch admiral. In 1659, he became the extraordinary captain of the Admiralty of Amsterdam and under the command of Admiral de Ruyter took part in the campaign against Sweden. He distinguished himself during the Battle of Lowestoft in 1665, during which he captured an enemy ship, for which he was appointed an ordinary captain. In 1670 he became the Rear Admiral (schout-bij-nacht). On March 22, 1672, he defended the smirn convoy against the attack of 18 English ships, losing only 3 of his 72 sailing ships. In 1673 De Ruyter made a rally to the Thames estuary, and then took part in the Texel battle. After this battle he became a Vice Admiral. In 1675, Haen departed as deputy de Ruyter in the Mediterranean, and after the latter's death at the Battle of Augusta he took over the command of the Dutch fleet in that area. He died on 2 June 1676 in the Battle of Palermo, during which the French almost completely destroyed

Zagorka (Bulgarian Загорка) - beer produced by the brewery of the same name, is one of the most popular lagers in Bulgaria. Named from the city of Stara Zagora. Zagorka is a full, softly piled pizzeria with 5% alcohol content. In 2005 a 1.5 liter bottle of Zagorki could be purchased for an equivalent of about € 1, in 2008 1.5 liters of beer cost about 2.30 Bulgarian left. In the mid-1990s, the Zagorka brewery became fully owned by the Heineken brewing giant from the Netherlands. The Zagorka brewery also produces Arian and Stoliczno beers. The main competitor in the local market is Kamenite beer. wiki

Józef Mozelewski (born September 10, 1955 in Krzeczkow) is a Polish politician, trade unionist, member of Parliament for the third term of office. Curriculum vitae Graduated from the Non-public School of Pedagogy in Bialystok (2002), then in 2005 he completed his MA studies at the Department of General Pedagogy at the University of Bialystok. Since 1977 he has worked in the Municipal and Housing Enterprise in Mońki and the Provincial Sanitary Transport Column in Bialystok. In 1980 he joined "Solidarity", after the 13th of December 1981 he organized the aid for the repressed. In the years 1991-1993 he was the vice-chairman of the board of the region of the union, since 1993 he has been managing the Podlaskie Region NSZZ "S". He served as a Member of the III term elected from the AWS. From 1994 to 1998 he was the councilor of the town and the commune of Mońki, then for four years councilor of the Podlaskie Sejmik. Until 2002 he belonged to the Social Movement an

Dworcowa ballada - a 2002 film that was the original version of the film "The Leningrad Children" a year later. The film was nominated for an Oscar in 2005. The film is a documentary of the daily lives of Russian street children. The camera looks at small fugitives from children's homes, vegetarians at Moscow stations and metro stations. History of the film "Dworcowa ballada" was performed by Andrzej Celiński at the order of Hanna Polak, a charity organization "Active Child Aid". The pictures were made by nine operators and lasted more than two years. Approximately half of the shots were made by filming a hidden camera. The film crew was detained several times at the police station "Basmannyj", where the material recorded with the efforts of Russian, Polish and German operators was carefully erased. It was filmed on garbage, attics, engine rooms, lifts, canals, train stations, tunnels, underground passages, subway stations, trains, tram

Chat (chat, chat) - A type of conversation between two or more computer users over the Internet or another computer network that involves alternating text messages. The chat, which is borrowing, has nested in the IT slang. The most common meaning of the word is the internet service used to communicate with many people in the so-called. rooms. There are usually two types of conversations - private, which can track only two people, and public, accessible to all users. There are also graphical emoticons created for expressing emotions. Similar functionality is offered by IRC. In relation to many chat rooms, it has much better built-in room management (called channels) and user permissions. From the word chat, other expressions such as chatting (chatting) are created - chatting through chat. With the technological advances that have made the Internet faster and the emergence of Web 2.0 portals, it has been quickly noticed that traditional chats can be enhanced by adding audio and

Homer-type cruisers are fictional units from the Honorverse world located in the Royal Manticoran Navy. Homer-type ships were the largest in the line of mantic-type cruisers at the time of service. They were designed for short-distance combat, so they were equipped with more energy than the later Reliant cruisers. The ships also have gravitational lances, energetic torpedoes and strong sideboard generators. Because of this choice, the armament is not too dangerous for a long distance, so tactical assumptions are that ships of this type are to use high acceleration to reach an artillery duel with an enemy ship as soon as possible. Technical data Ammunition supply On-board units wiki

Marines in MCCUU and ILBE Improved Load Bearing Equipment or ILBE is a newly developed backpack of the US Marine Corps designed to replace currently used ALICE and MOLLE backpacks. History ILBE was created as the successor of MOLLE system backpacks. MOLLE backpacks did not satisfy the USMC soldiers - they were unstable, uncomfortable and poorly interoperable with the Interceptor Body Armor System. Due to the fact that the modernization of MOLLE backpacks did not meet the expectations, work was undertaken on the new system. In 2003, two projects - Bianchi and Propper International - were selected for testing. Changes to MOLLE included: Both projects were lighter than MOLLE. Field tests of backpacks were made in 2003. The final project was selected on January 15, 2004. A modified version of Propper International was introduced. Description of construction ILBE is manufactured by Propper Inc.. The backpack is made of thick Cordura 725 fabric in Marpat camouflage. It is also cover

Suicide girl - RADEO SuicideGirls - an American website and an art agency that associates erotic models. The website features erotic softcore pin-ups with stylized models referring to gothic and punk subcultures. The project was launched in 2001 on the initiative of Sean Suhl and Selena "Missy Suicide" Mooney, based in Portland, Oregon. In 2003, the business was moved to Los Angeles. The website also includes an information section and cultural columns in the fields of music, sports, politics, film and games. The site also has an interview section with musicians, models and actors for whom they performed. Dita Navarro, Scott Ian, Woody Allen, Bill Murray, Natalie Portman, Christopher Walken, Debita Harry, Johnny Depp, Slash. Access to the site's resources is largely paid. In 2004, 66 women from SuicideGirls appeared in a music video for " "Shake Your Blood" by American music group Probot. This performance ranked MTV2 as the second best music video of

Polish Chamber of Exhibition Industry - organization of companies connected with the trade fair industry (eg trade fair organizers, builders). Operated since February 2007 in Poznań. It was established in place of the Polish Fair Corporation since 1993. It aims to integrate the fair environment, protect the economic interests of its members, and promote the participation of companies in fairs and exhibitions. An important area of ​​the Chamber's activity is collection and verification of statistics provided by trade fair organizers. the size of the rented exhibition space, the number of exhibitors and visitors. On this basis an annual compilation of statistical data about the Polish fair market is made (Fair Trade Report in Poland), constituting a specific ranking of trade fair companies. The President of the Chamber is Przemysław Trawa, President of the Board of the Poznań International Fair. wiki

Guy de Bourgogne (May 20, 1272) - French Catholic priest. Curriculum vitae In his youth he entered the Cistercian Order and in 1257 was elected the twenty-fourth Abbot of Citeaux. In 1262 Pope Urban IV appointed him Cardinal to the Presbyterian S. Lorenzo in Lucina. In the years 1266-1268 he was a papal legate in Germany, Scandinavia and Poland. In June 1267 he visited Cracow, and in February 1268 he chaired the Synod in Wrocław. During the papal election of 1268-71 he was one of the members of the 6-member Electoral Commission, which elected Pope Gregory X. He most likely died in Rome, although some sources say he died in Lyon. Bibliography wiki

<43> Foo - asteroid belt asteroid circling the Sun in 5 years and 204 days in the average distance of 3.14 Jupiter. She was discovered on September 2, 1983 at the European Southern Observatory by Henri Debehogne. The name of the asteroid comes from Lillian Foo (born 1972), who is a consultant to the World Bank supporting radio programs in Ghana, Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda. Previously she was a photojournalist for The Straits Times in Singapore. T. H. Burbine suggested. Prior to the official name, the asteroid was designated 1983 RO3. wiki

Cryptographic Protocol - a protocol that uses a cryptographic algorithm to ensure an adequate level of confidentiality and credibility between communicating parties. Describes how to use the algorithm and ensures that it is impossible to know more than what is given in the protocol. Describes the proper way to use cryptographic techniques to ensure their safe use. Typically, cryptographic protocols deal with the manner in which information is exchanged using encryption, in such a way as to prevent the disclosure of sensitive information or any other information - such as keys or, for example, information about the identity of the communicating person during the full information exchange process. Usually, a single protocol uses a number of cryptographic techniques, such as an asymmetric cipher, to securely exchange keys used for encrypting messages with symmetric ciphers, etc. The construction of cryptographic protocols is a complex and often cryptic and ingenious process. Improper

Vladimir Iwanich Staricki, Russian Владимир Иванович Старицкий (born June 19, 1885 in Miekienskaja, Russia, died May 16, 1975 in Dorchester, USA) is a Russian military general (Major General), commander of the Volunteer Detachment 1 Cossack cavalry regiment, then the junior officer of the 6th Sotni of the Russian Corps of Defense during the Second World War, emigrant combatant emigrant He graduated from Astrakhan's real school and in 1906 was a military school in Kiev. He served in the 1st Volunteer Cavalry Regiment. He then passed the telegraph course at the 3rd battalion and the shooting course at the Cossack branch of the officer's school. He was subordinate to the commander of the 2nd Battalion of the Volunteer Cavalry Regiment. He participated in the First World War. Soon he became deputy commander of the regiment. He advanced to the rank of colonel. He was awarded the Order of St. Wlodzimierz 4th class and Św. George. In June 1918 he participated in the Uprising against

Milt Dunnell (born December 24, 1905 in St. Marys, Ontario, Canada, January 3, 2008) is a Canadian sports journalist and longtime columnist for the Toronto Star. Dunnell's journalism started in the local newspaper "St. Mary's Journal-Argus." For 13 years he has worked at the Stratford Beacon-Herald, for the last five years in the sports department. He also joined the Toronto Star in 1942. From 1949 he headed the Toronto Star Sports Editorial Board and retired in 1970 to run his own daily column. During many years of journalistic activity he wrote about many sports disciplines. In the years 1952-1968 he reported the events of the next Olympic Games, winter and summer. He wrote about hockey, including the Stanley Cup, the Gray Cup in Canadian football and the Super Bowl in American football, horse racing (including the Kentucky Derby). Many articles were dedicated to baseball, both in the World Series and local, long before the Toronto Blue Jays were awarded the pl

Teodor Grott (born 1884 in Częstochowa, died in 1972 in Cracow) - painter. He studied in 1904-1908 at the Academy of Fine Arts in Kraków, a student of Leon Wyczółkowski and Florian Cynka. In 1908 he went on a scholarship to Italy, stayed in Rome and Florence, in 1910 visited London and Paris. In 1912 he returned to Italy, this time in Sicily. Since 1910 he has exhibited his paintings at the exhibitions organized by the Society of Fine Arts in Cracow, where he worked as the office manager, treasurer, from 1949 to 1961 as the director and organizer of exhibitions and honorary member of the Society. Artist of the landscapes, painter of old architecture, generic paintings, portraits and acts. In 1913 he and his wife set up a kilim factory to produce their own designs. The whole of the twentieth century had its roots. In 1937 he was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta. Authoritative control (person): wiki

Symbol ESD Electrostatic Discharge. The ESD symbol signifies any device (mainly electrical) that can be damaged by electrostatic discharge in devices, people, tools and other insulators or semiconductors. Electrostatic charge is generated when the two surfaces interact (eg the floor with the floor). Man also charges with static electricity when walking, working, or driving. The state of the electrified surface is determined by the electrical potential of the unit. Depending on the material the surface is made of, these voltages may differ, and are therefore indicative: Particularly sensitive to electrostatic discharge are: Often, ESD is defined as the protection of systems against electrostatic discharges. Foam or special bags are used for transporting ESD. When installing, use grounded mats or grounded tools to prevent damage. ESD protective materials are divided into: To protect electronic circuits (mainly printed circuits) from electrostatic discharge, employees must b

M1097 Avenger missile launcher after firing FIM-92 Stinger ground-air missile Missile - a missile propelled by a rocket engine. It consists of a rocket engine, combat unit, steering (if directed) and other auxiliary components. The supporting structure is its hull (body). Particularly rapid development of this type of weapon dates back to the 1940s. Division of missiles Depending on how you aim for the target: depending on the physical condition of the fuel: depending on the loudness: depending on destination: Depending on the starting point and destination: Depending on the battle head, missile shells are divided into Bibliography wiki

Samuel Tenenblatt's grave at the Jewish cemetery in Okopowa Street in Warsaw Samuel Tenenblatt (born 1933, died 1982) is a Polish journalist and activist of the Jewish community. In 1969-1982 editor-in-chief of the only Jewish newspaper "Fołks Sztyme" in the Polish People's Republic. In the years 1959-1968 the organizer of Jewish camps and colonies for children of members of the Jewish Social and Cultural Society in Poland. He is buried at the Jewish cemetery at Okopowa Street in Warsaw (quarters 8, row 15). wiki

Vladimir Vladimirovich Gil-Rodionov, Russian Владимир Владимирович Гиль-Родионов (born 18 July 1906 in Mogilev province in Russia, died 15 May 1944 in Belarus) - Soviet military officer (colonel), founder and leader Military Union of Russian Nationalists and Commander of the 1st Russian National SS Brigade, and then 1 Anti-Fascist Guerrilla Brigade during the Second World War. At age 20, he chose a military career by joining the Red Army. He came to the rank of lieutenant colonel. In 1939 he graduated from the Military Academy. M. Frunze. At the time of Germany's attack on the USSR on June 22, 1941, he served as Chief of Staff of the 229th Rifle Division. During the fighting in the Vitebsk region he was wounded, then he was captured by the Germans and was imprisoned in a POW camp in Suwałki. In 1942, he collaborated with the occupying forces. In April this year, after talks with representatives of the SD, he established an organization called the Russian Federation of Nationali

Spike (left) and Taeniura lymma eyes Spiraculum (Latin spiraculum) - a small external gill nostril that occurs in many species of osteoporosis and some sphagnum fish. He was born from the first gill. It is located just behind the eye, between the mandibular and the mandibular arch. There are reduced gills (juveniles), present in the form of adolescents, in adults sometimes reduced. A tick is a component of the respiratory tract that connects the gill chambers to the external environment. It is a homologous organ with central ear cavity and Eustachian tube of vertebrate. The sprinkles are parched. They are used to collect water for gills. Largest sizes are the rays of the raincoat. Bibliography wiki

Teofil Kaczorowski (born August 11, 1830, died March 31, 1889) is a Polish internist physician. He lived in Poznan. From 1865 to over 20 years he was the head of the internal medicine department of the Transplant Hospital, where he conducted scientific-medical research. He first formulated the theory of infection by the bad teeth. This theory was confirmed 20 years later by English scholars. He was one of the initiators of treating tuberculosis in a sanatorium. Teofil Kaczorowski is the author of 92 scientific publications. Bibliography wiki

Kazimierz Zarzycki (born September 26, 1939 in Tuczempach) is a Polish politician, entrepreneur, journalist, deputy to the Sejm of the 4th term. Curriculum vitae In 1963 he graduated from the Faculty of Industry of the Higher School of Economics in Katowice. Since 1961 he was a member of the Polish United Workers' Party. He performed, among others. the function of personal secretary Edward Gierek. In the years 1966-1990 he worked in the state media. He was a journalist of the Polish Radio, editor-in-chief of Katowice's "Evening", Katowice Television, "Workers' Tribunal" and the weekly "Yes and No". From 1990 to 2001 he was the president and proxy of the private company "Monopol" Sp. with o.o. He was the city councilor of Katowice. He was a member of the Sejm of the 4th term of office of the Democratic Left Alliance (elected in the Bielsk Oblast). In 2005 he withdrew from politics, returning to business ventures. Bibliography

Gen. Wasilij Wiktorowicz Biskupski Василий Викторович Бискупский (born April 27, 1878 in Tomsk, died June 18, 1945 in New York City) is a Russian military general (major) and an emigre counterrevolutionary activist, monarchist, working with Germany during the Second World War. II. In 1895, he graduated from the Cadet Corps, and in 1897 he became a cavalry school. He was given an assignment to the cavalry regiment of the leglight. From 1904 he served in the 2nd Dagestan cavalry regiment. He participated in the Russo-Japanese War; he was seriously injured. In February 1913, he was sent back to the reserve as a lieutenant colonel. He briefly traded in the Far East. Once again mobilized to participate in the First World War. From December 27, 1914, he commanded the 1st Moscow Regiment of Dragoons, from March 24, 1915 to the rank of Major General, from January 1917 - 1st Brigade of the 3rd Cavalry Division, and from March of this year - the entire division. He was awarded the Order of St

Gottlieb Muzikant (born December 27, 1903,?) is a Nazi criminal, SS paramilitary at the Mauthausen-Gusen and SS-Scharführer camp complex. Before joining the SS he was a laic brother in the Order. In 1943, he became a paramedic (SS-Sanitäter) at Steyr-Münichholz, a suburb of KL Mauthausen, from where he was transferred to another sub-camp, Melk, in August 1944. He was regarded as a true prisoner of war, He killed the phenol injections or shot himself. December 23, 1960 was sentenced by the West German court in Fulda for life imprisonment and an additional 15 years of imprisonment for the murder of about 90 prisoners of Czech, Slovak, Russian and Hungarian nationality by lethal injection and murder of another 100 by shooting and beating. p> Bibliography wiki

In the early Middle Ages, a royal official responsible for the organization of the monarch's hunting. This office continued after the political changes (state monarchy, later noble democracy) and became lifelong and honorable, and thus not entailing any obligations. In the First Republic there were two courtesans: a great hunter and a great Lithuanian hunter. In the hierarchy of earth offices, another hunting office was a lower earth office. Also an official in larger land estates and a function in clubs, associations and hunting circles. Titles of odojcowskie and zężężowskie The children of the hunter were entitled to the titles of odojcowskie. For the sons it was a hunter, and for the hunter daughters. Hunting wives were entitled to the title of a hunter. wiki

Ludwik Lille (born 1897 in Podwiejska near Zbrucz, died in 1957 in Paris) - Polish graphic artist and painter. In the interwar period the representative of the surrealist movement, and in postwar metaphorical art. He studied medicine in Lviv. In the years 1918-19 he established contacts with the group of expressionists focused around the magazine "Zdrój" from Poznań and cooperated with the magazine "Formiści" from Cracow. In 1920 he presented his works in Lviv, Cracow and Warsaw. In 1921 he went to Berlin. He studied in the Weimar Bauhaus and returned to Lvov. He was involved in illustrations, scenography, decorative designs for experimental Lviv theaters. Since 1930 he belonged to the association "Artes" as well as to the Union of Artists. Lille has been active in popularizing and criticizing the arts, including radio broadcasts on the subject. He worked on scenography for Lviv Ballet, the Vilnius Corps and the Lviv Opera. In 1934 he organized a mus