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Jewish cemetery in Połczyn Zdrój - was established in the 18th century and occupies an area of ​​0.3 hectares, where seven gravestones dating from the 19th century have survived. It was not devastated during the Third Reich. The final destruction of the cemetery and almost all preserved tombstones occurred after the war. The last sandstone tombstone was destroyed in the early 1990s. Until now there are fragments of broken gravestones and some dug-out ditches by local people searching for the mythical so-called. Jewish gold. wiki

Problem statement - in modal logic, a statement made from a modal functor can (or equivalent, eg "acceptable") states the possibility and the argument in the form of a sentence or its negation. Example: Jan Nowak may be right. Modal statements are not statements in a logical sense, since they can not be assigned an objective logical value without making an appropriate interpretation (eg logical or pure) and therefore belong to the category of incomplete statements. wiki

Bercy Bridge Pont de Bercy is a bridge located on the River Seine in Paris. The bridge connects the Boulevard de Bercy located in the 12th district of Paris and the boulevard of Vincent-Auriol located in the 13th district. There is also a 6 meter line in Paris. History Pont de Bercy was built on the site of a suspension bridge built in 1832. The charges for overcrowded ships have led to the construction of a new structure to allow for greater transport and travel across the bridge. The construction of the new bridge was completed in 1864. In 1904, the bridge was extended by 5.5 meters to support the use of the bridge by the Paris Metro line. In 1986, another decision was made to enlarge the bridge for the purpose of unloading traffic jams. After considering all the proposals, the project of constructing the viaduct over which the metro line could move was underway, while traffic would continue under it. Work on the construction of the viaduct began in 1989 and ended in 1992. At

Richard Vernon, 3rd Baron Hodnet (born 22 June 1678, 1 October 1725) is a British diplomat, sir, the last baronet of Hodnet. His father was Sir Thomas Vernon, 2nd Baron Hodnet (1682), and Grandfather Henry Vernon, 1st Baron Hodnet (1605-1676), a royal-bachelor in wartime. He received a thorough education at Christ College in Oxford. He never married and died unconditionally. He was a British MP in Poland. In 1718 there was almost a diplomatic conflict between the United Kingdom and Poland and Saxony on the grounds that Vernon did not receive a customary gift in the form of a certain (eg, Sergei Dogoroduk in 1722 received 4,000 thalers) of sums of money, or even Saxon porcelain , very high then appreciated. Vernon was denied this because there were significant grounds for intriguing him against Augustus II. Bibliography wiki

The Jewish Handgun Association "Jad Charuzim" - a Jewish craft organization, operating in Galicia since 1875. She was the founder of many synagogues (eg Yad Charuzim Synagogue in Sanok, Jad Charuzim Synagogue in Yaroslav, Zasany Synagogue in Przemysl), burs, self-help and charity activities, libraries, readings and readings. In 1927, in order to enable its members to use small loans, the association established its own credit cooperative "Cooperative Bank of Cooperatives". The Association's activities ceased during World War II. wiki

Hashimoto Encephalopathy - a rare neurological disease associated with autoimmune thyroiditis (Hashimoto). Hashimoto's encephalopathy is usually seen in the 5th and 6th decades of life, four times more often in women. The pathogenesis of Hashimoto's encephalopathy is not clear, but autoimmune disease is highly probable. The most popular theory is that Hashimoto encephalopathy is a form of autoimmune vasculitis. Treatment of choice is steroid therapy, usually leading to partial or complete remission. The disease was described by Brain et al in 1966. Bibliography See terms related to medical terms and related wikipedia. wiki

Brama Ruska - one of the medieval city gates of Wroclaw, situated in the line of the fortification over the role of the city moat Czarna Oława. It consisted of a tower built on a square and a forecourt, topped with battlements. Through the gate, there was a street - Ruska street - from the Market in the west. Built in the 13th century, it was an important element of the fortifications alongside the old Mikolajska Gate. Both of these gates lost their military importance after the construction of the new Mikolajska Gate (in the 14th century) in the line of external fortifications. The gate of the Ruthenian Gate was dismantled in the 18th century, and the remaining elements of the fortifications of the gate - after 1807, due to the French order of liquidation of urban fortifications. Bibliography wiki

Heavenly Sword is an exclusive release for the Playstation 3 console. The game was created by Ninja Theory and later released by Sony Computer Entertainment. It premiered on September 12, 2007 in the US, while in Europe on September 14 of the same year. It is characterized by a very short time of game play (about 5-8 hours). Game The game looks like a typical hack and slash game with elements of martial arts. The main character performs special attacks and punch sequences by pressing the corresponding keys at a given moment. Nariko uses the title sword Heavenly Sword. The player can freely switch between the three modes - the universal (the so-called celestial speed), the high field of destruction (so-called celestial attainment) and the strong (attainment of celestial power). wiki

Göran Nilzén (born 1941 in Uppsala) is a Swedish historian. After studying at the University of Stockholm Nilzen became a doctor of history in 1971. In 1975 he became an associate professor at the university. He also worked in the Swedish Royal Archives (Riksarkivet). Since 1976 he has been involved in the preparation of "Swedish Biographical Lexicon" (Svenskt biografiskt lexikon) as an editor, and from 1984 to 2003 as editor-in-chief. The project ended in 2009. One of the characters described here is Carl Gyllenborg, the leading Swedish politician of the 18th century. Artworks Bibliography Note biographiczna w: Göran Nilzén: Carl Gyllenborg: a freedom-time hat politician. Stockholm: Carlsson, 2007. ISBN 91-7331-062-X. wiki

Chamber of commerce - a public body acting in the form of an association representing the interests of the economic sphere. Representation of these interests consists in the appropriate influence and influence on the economic policies of the government and the state, the organization of measures providing their members with economic expansion on the domestic and the offensive market. The chambers of commerce achieve their goals by developing and submitting to the authorities the drafts of the various legislative acts relating to economic activity, the dissemination of opinions on the intended acts of other organizations, the direct involvement of their representatives in various collegial bodies dealing with economic issues, etc. In some cases, chambers of commerce initiate or supervise their operations. In addition, they collect information on commodity and geographic markets, investigate market fluctuations, record trading habits, etc. All these materials are made available to m

Professor Gąbka's mission - a 1975 novel by Stanisław Pagaczewski, a continuation of the events presented in Baltasar Gąbka's kidnapping. Based on the book, a 13-part animated series was released by Professor Gąbka (1978-1980). Story The action takes place 4 years later than the events of Baltasar Gąbka's kidnapping. The Wawel Dragon and his friends Bartłomiej Bartolini, Dr. Koyot, Baltazar Gąbka and Marcin Lebioda set out on a journey to discover the myping habits of destruction in the Duchy of Cracow. In the meantime, the Big Rainman and Mr Mackey flee. The author has written the book after the shooting of the animated film Biting Baltazar Sponge, which brought great popularity of the novel on which he was based, previously unknown. As a result, Professor Gąbka's mission in some of the elements is more about the series than the first part of the novel (for example, Bartolini's character is not presented as in the previous novel, but as in the series). wiki

The Grand Duchy of Lithuania's Taxation Commission - Governmental Administration of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Republic of Poland was established on 1 January 1765 as a result of the provisions of the Convocation Sejm. As a collegial body, the responsibility of the Sejm was taken over by the subcommittees of the great Lithuanian and Lithuanian court, who retained only the privilege of presiding over her work. She has gained extensive competences in the fields of industry, trade and communication and treasury justice. It consisted of 16 (later 9) members elected by the Diet, obliged to submit annual reports of their activities. Since 1775 it was subordinated to the Treasury Department of the Perpetual Council. The four-year Sejm joined it on October 28, 1791, with the Crown Treasury's Commission on the Internal Revenue Commission of the Two Nations. August 31, 1792 the Targowice confederation re-commenced the commission. Bibliography wiki

The Chaos Engine, a Bitmap Brothers computer game developed by Bitmap Brothers, was released in 1993 by Renegade Software. The story of the game is related to steampunk. Baron Fortesque built the title Chaos Machine ( to W. Gibson's Difference Engine, The Difference Engine), which slipped out of control and transformed people into crazy monster machines. There are six heroes in the game, each with different stats and weapons. During the game, the player is always accompanied by a computer companion. It is also possible to play in cooperation with another player. The game itself is a typical shooter with a view from above, and walking on not so complicated boards, as well as fighting enemies and destroying certain objects. The game continues to be called Chaos Engine 2, released in 1996. August 29, 2013, the replay of the game was released, but it was cool enough to receive only 40 points on Metacritic. Awards wiki

Ammilon (died 821?), Archbishop of Salzburg for half a year 821. He was to be the successor of the first Archbishop of Salzburg, Arn, who died in January 821. Since December 821, another archbishop, Adalram, is known, Ammilon's tenure was at most ten months. Archbishop Ammilon mentions Jan Leśny in an article devoted to Arnold in the Dictionary of Slavic Antiquity (Volume VII, Part II - Supplement, 1984). The author points out that Ammilon's existence only confirms "some sources." wiki

Rudolf Stork (born October 8, 1914 in Czerwionce, November 17, 1944 in Katowice) is a member of the Polish Army, a participant in the September Campaign, an underground traffic activist, a prisoner of concentration camp prisoners. In 1934 he graduated from the State Junior High School in Rybnik (now the First Silesian High School in Rybnik). In 1937 he graduated with a Master's degree in Economics and Commerce from the Warsaw School of Economics (now the Warsaw School of Economics). After the outbreak of World War II he took part as a sub-officer in the September campaign. After the defeat, he did not fold his arms. In November 1939 he was active in the underground movement. He was a link between the district of Katowice and the district of Rybnik. It was then that the Gestapo began tracking him. He hid and continued to work with full dedication. Pursued by a miracle, he escaped arrest. In April 1940 he decided to travel abroad, on April 13 he crossed the Austrian-Hungarian bo

Tomb on Powązki Military Wiesław Knast ps. Kujawiak (born 1923, died September 7, 1944 in Warsaw) - Second Lieutenant, Warsaw Uprising, soldier of the "Butterfly" Company of the "Chata 49" Battalion in the "Radoslaw" Army Group. During the Nazi occupation he worked in the Polish underground army. In the uprising he fought in Wola and the Old Town. He died on 7 September 1944 at ul. Prince of Czerniakow. He was 21 years old. He was buried in soldiers and paramedics of the battalion "Parasol" in the Military Powazki in Warsaw. He has been twice awarded the Cross of Valor. wiki

Early prostate cancer antigen 2, EPCA-2 - a protein found in people with prostate cancer. Raising its level is a more sensitive and specific indicator of this cancer than PSA levels. The presence of this protein has been confirmed several years ago, but was only able to be identified in prostate biopsy studies. Its presence was demonstrated by staining. Recently, methods have been developed to detect this protein in serum. In April 2007, the first report of a group of 330 patients was published, in which the EPCA-2 test allowed 90% of the respondents to identify prostate cancer patients. In cases where the cancer is spread beyond the gland, the sensitivity increases to 98%. A negative result with a sensitivity of 97% excludes the presence of cancer. In the United States, procedures have been launched to approve this diagnostic approach by the Food and Drug Administration. Because of its greater sensitivity compared to PSA, which may also increase with inflammatory prostaglandin, i

Gray-Gray Gri-gri - automatic, self-locking climbing and climbing device used in climbing, manufactured by Petzl. At the moment of falling, the cam presses the rope to lock it. This instrument is equipped with a lever that allows it to be unlocked or controlled. Attributes: Cons: Gri-Gri was designed and designed as a climbing and climbing tool for experienced climbers, therefore: Similar instruments Similar devices are, for example, Trango Cinch, Wild Country SRC (Single Rope Controller), Cassin Logic, Yo-Yo. Bibliography wiki

Geomag dodecahedron cut. Geomag is a magnetic brick manufactured by the Swiss company GEOMAG SA since 1998. This toy consists mainly of nickel-plated balls (12.7 mm in diameter) and plastic rods, inside which are two neodymium magnets located at the ends of the rod and connected by a metal needle. By combining these two elements you can build a lot of different geometric figures and other 2D and 3D structures. An additional element of the toy is the panels used to stiffen the structure. Structures are created by pulling a ball through a magnet inside the rod. The strength of this attraction is about 4 N. With the ability to easily build and dismantle buildings, Geomag can be used by children as an imaginative and adult toy to quickly showcase different designs and models. Geomag is used to learn math, physics, chemistry and develops children's creativity. Unlike other types of toys, Geomag is more durable and less likely to be swallowed by young children. In 2005 Geomag was

Kazimierz Franciszek Ślęczka (born 1937) - Polish philosopher, professor at the Institute of Philosophy of the University of Silesia. He graduated from the Faculty of Philosophy and Sociology at the University of Warsaw, where he earned a Master's degree in 1969 for the role of Charles Lyell's uniformism in the development of geology, and a year later for a dissertation on Uniformitaryism and an update on Charles Lyell's geological theory (Władysław Krajewski) . He has feminist views. He explores the problems of globalization, mainly cultural. He was in the 2004 European Parliament elections. The works Translations Bibliography wiki

The Schroeder squeeze is a variation of a non-reactive force constraint, and was first described by the German conqueror Dirk Schroeder. ♠ A K 9 3 ♥ 8 6 4 3 ♦ D ♣ 8 5 4 2 ♠ D 10 8 5 ♠ - ♥ 7 2 ♥ K W 9 5 ♦ 10 8 7 3 ♦ A K 9 4 ♣ K D 3 ♣ A W 10 9 6 ♠ W 7 6 4 2 ♥ A D 10 ♦ W 6 5 2 ♣ 7 The contract is 3 ♠ with the contender played from position S after the king of clubs and lady of clubs. S pierces the second treble and plays a pike to the ace. The game is from the table to the tenth, and in the next left it carries and breaks the continuation of the club. He then knocks on the table, knocks the king of hearts and plays an ace in that color pierced by W, who plays the next karo pierced in his grandfather. It goes to the following position: ♠ K ♥ 8 ♦ - ♣ 8 ♠ D 10 ♠ - ♥ - ♥ K ♦ 10 ♦ A ♣ - ♣ 9 ♠ W 7 ♥ - ♦ W ♣ - The player who plays the king of spades from his grandfather and E becomes coerced - if he drops his head or club it will make a left in his grandfather, and if he refuses ace, then

Yes Men - a group of "culture jamming" activists, they call themselves "identity correction" by pretending to be important decision-makers and spokespeople of relevant organizations. They create and maintain fake sites similar to those they want to parody, and then accept the invitations they receive to appear at conferences, symposia, and television shows. They represent their point of view at the often dehumanizing actions of corporations and government agencies. Their main method is satire: pretending to be corporate or government representatives, they often express themselves in a very controversial way about employees and consumers, then pointing out the lack of shock or anger at their joke when no one observes that the "reactionary" rhetoric was merely joke. Their method in such cases is a kind of "reductio ad absurdum", that is, to derive consistent and absurd and outrageous conclusions from the actions of corporations and governments of

Nikolai Vladimirovich Piatnicki, Russian Николай Владимирович Пятницкий (born 1890, 19 November 1963 in Paris) is a Russian military colonel and emigre publicist and political activist who cooperated with Germany during the Second World War. He participated in the First World War. From the end of 1918, he was chief of Staff of 34th Infantry Division of Gen. Anthony I. Denikin. In the autumn of 1919 he became an officer in the Special Forces of the Caucasian Army Gen. Wiktor L. Pokrowski. After losing white troops he went to Paris. He cooperated with General Nikolay N. Gołowin in the organization of higher military-science courses. In the second half was a member of the Russian National Union of Fighters, led by General Anton W. Turkul. In the years 1937-1940 he edited his press body "Сигнал". During World War II he cooperated with Germans. In 1944 he wrote in the occupied Paris "Парижский вестник". At the end of 1944 he came to Berlin, where he began to issue the

Theater 19, owned by. "Театр 19" - a Ukrainian theater group created at the Kharkiv Institute of Theater Arts in 2000, in Kharkov, by a group of actor-directors. The first performance on stage was presented on 19 June 2000, the drama "Emigrants" by Sławomir Mrozek - Polish playwright and prose. In 1919, "Teatr 19" took part in the All-Ukrainian Festival of Contemporary Art of the Hero of Culture ("Культурные герои"), where "Paweł I" won the highest competition podium. Since May 19, 2002, the theater has been going to a wider audience and since then has regularly exhibited at the Kharkiv House of Culture, also on stage in Moscow and St. Petersburg. Historical cast Cast in July 2008 Official site of the theater: "Theater 19" wiki

Hashimoto-Pritzker Hashimoto-Pritzker (Hashimoto-Pritzker-Histopathy), a rare, Hashimoto-Pritzker histiocytosis is a very rare disease; About 30 cases have been reported so far. It is suggested that due to the benign course and lack of clear criteria for diagnosis, the actual incidence is higher. It occurs mainly during the neonatal period and early infancy. Prognosis is very good. Appears on the face, limbs, hands and soles brown-red nodules, lumps or bubbles, spontaneously resolving after a period of several weeks or months. Changes are also occurring in the mucous membranes of the mouth. The disease was described by Hashimoto and Pritzker in 1973. See terms related to medical terms and related wikipedia. wiki

John Freeman Mackie (born October 1, 1835, June 18, 1910) is an American soldier. For the courage shown on May 15, 1862, during the Battle of Drewry's Bluff, he was awarded the Medal of Honor on July 10, 1863. In the rank of Corporal Mackie on board the USS "Galena" boldly opened the fire from the musket and bravely replaced the firefighters of his fallen and injured comrades. He was the first Marine ever to receive the highest US award. Image depicting Corporal John Freeman Mackie on USS Galena during the Battle of Drewry's Bluff wiki

Ideas Have Consequences - a book by Richard M. Weaver published in Cracow on 1996 by the Professional Business School Publishing House (1948). Barbara Bubula is the author of the translation, and Wojciech Turek is the author of the translation. Contents This work is one of the best-known American conservative ideas. The author argues for a deep crisis of Western civilization, indicates the symptoms of this process, analyzes its causes and more and more consequences. ​ISBN 83-854441-33-6​ wiki

Anastasia Rutkowski (born April 16, 1908 in Żbiki-Gawronki, May 19, 1995 in Wołomino) - Polish Catholic priest, publicist. He came to the world in the small family, was the son of Valentine and Helena of the Bud. In 1920-22 he attended a grammar school in Przasnysz. In 1927 he graduated from Płock High School. St. Stanisław Kostka and undertook the philosophical-theological studies at the Higher Seminary in Płock. He was ordained priest on June 10, 1933 from the hands of Archbishop Antoni Julian Nowowiejski. Before the outbreak of war he worked as a vicar in the parishes: Ciechanów, Goworowo and Mława. He worked with the Catholic press and was a member of the Catholic Writers' Union. In 1938 he obtained a master's degree in canon law from Jan Kazimierz University in Lviv. In September 1939, for several days, he was appointed pastor of the parish. Barbara in Modlin. Then, together with the entire crew of Modlin, he evacuated to Warsaw, then to Lublin and Kowel, where he lea

General Public Virus - A pejorative term for certain versions of a copyleft or General Public License that requires that any tool or application containing a copyleft license or a link to a GPL-licensed library be distributed under the same hypothetical conditions as GNU. So copyleft "infects" GNU-based or GNU-coded software, which in turn can "infect" further software that uses parts of its code. This belief is in line with the official position of the Free Software Foundation The widespread suspicion that copyleft is a minefield has caused many developers and companies to avoid using code based on the GNU license. wiki

The 487 (German Bundesstraße 487) is a German national road that runs east-west and connects the B83 road to Melsungen with the B7 road in Hessisch Lichtenau, Hesse. The road is marked as B487 from the mid-1960s. at ul. Okopowa in Warsaw (accommodation 8, row 3). He played the leading role, alongside Alexander Lewin, in the training of the Progressive Prisoners for Youths in Jaworzno - modeled on prison camps for political prisoners who were under 21 years of age. Creation f age. Creation wiki

Interior of the mikvah, 2004 Interior of the mikvah, 2004 Mykwa in Jesimias Chachmej Lublin - a mikvah located in Lublin in the Chatymej Jesyas building in Lubartowska Street 85. Widely regarded as one of the most kosher mikvás in the world. Mykwa was built along with the Jeshas Chachmej Lublin building in 1930. It consisted of two parts: a pool and a water tank, which came from a natural source. But to the end it is not known how water was brought into the mikvee. It is assumed that during the winter the snow was poured into the tank, and in the spring, summer and fall, the raincoat got in through the windows in the basement. During the World War II the mikvah was unused, and its interior was destroyed. In June 2007, at the initiative of the Jewish Community in Warsaw, a mikvee was renovated, supervised by rabbi Gedalia Olshtein from Israel. The water for the mikveh is to be supplied with a rainwater tank placed on the roof of the building. The original color of the walls was

SWEPOS - is a Swedish permanent network consisting of GPS stations. SWEPOS's mission is to collect data from GPS satellites and use them for a variety of purposes: real-time positioning with metric accuracy, navigational purposes, geographic data bases, millimeter earth observations. Construction of the SWEPOS network station At the stations, the receivers are placed on high concrete columns, placed on a solid foundation to ensure the best possible connection between the antenna and the satellites. The temperature of the concrete columns is maintained at 15 degrees Celsius, to minimize the effects of thermal expansion of the materials. All stations are equipped with Dorne Margolin antennas (antennas used in places with high temperature fluctuations) that are covered by hemispherical domes (snow protection). Each station is equipped with batteries which, in the event of a power failure, are capable of providing the receiver with a continuous operation for 48 hours. Post-proc

The Sum of All Fears - a sensational novel by American writer Tom Clancy from 1991. In Poland, published in the same year by GiG, and later by Adamski and Bieliński. < / p> Description of the plot Terrorists accidentally find a nuclear bomb lost by an Israeli plane during the Yom Kippur War. With the help of a researcher from East Germany, they are rebuilding a bomb, changing its structure into a fusion bomb. Detonation occurs in the United States. However, it appears that just before the completion of the construction, the scientist has not disclosed to colleagues information about the need to separate the tritium from helium and the bomb has significantly less power than expected. However, there is a danger of an international nuclear conflict. After the deployment of US and Russian armed forces in the highest degree of readiness, escalation of events is caused by accidental clashes between planes and ships of both sides. Terrorists add to the battle of armored units in Ber

Harold Frederick Shipman (born January 14, 1946 in Nottingham, January 13, 2004 in Wakefield) is an English house physician, called the Doctor of Death. He went into history as a serial killer who killed the greatest number of victims. Monument to the victims of Harold Shipman Curriculum vitae He killed about 215 people, although this number is likely to be much higher. He killed his victims with a morphine injection. Sentenced to life, committed suicide in his cell. Bibliography Authoritative control (person): wiki

Seneca Falls Women's Convention - Women's rights meeting held on July 19-20, 1848 in Seneca Falls, USA. It is often considered the birthplace of feminism in the United States, as the Declaration of Sentiments was signed by 100 people (out of 300 participants and participants in the convention), including men and women. The initiates of the convention were Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott, both of whom had previously participated in the abolitionist movement (for the abolition of slavery), and both had experienced discrimination in the movement of sex. At the World Conference of Opponents of Slavery in London in 1840 elected representatives of their local organizations women were not admitted into the meeting room. Apparently, this event inspired Elisabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott to convene the Women's Convention. Inspired by the Declaration of Independence, the American author of the Declaration (Elizabeth Cady Stanton) argued that women are also US citizen

Night Watch - a unit of the Great Guards of the Mongolian Guard. Rise The date of its creation is unknown. The Secret History of the Mongols appears only in 1204. It is usually mentioned next to the Daily Guard, which can be identified more confidently, it was the moment of announcing Temudin Genghis Khan (and therefore probably 1182 years). It can be assumed that both units were created simultaneously. Expansion on the Great Kurichtaju By 1206 the Night Watch had 80 people. During the Great Kuricheh was enlarged to 1000 people, and its commander was Jeke Ne'ürin. The 80 members of the Guard, who served in it before Kuruttaj, carried the name: Old Guard of the Night. There were also detailed rules for taking over and serving duty by the guard. The Night Watch was supposed to cover the watch before sunset and take it to the Day Watch only after its sunrise. In addition, there was a ban on dissemination of information about the number of Night Watchers. Works During the Grea

1962 Kyria or Kyriale (Latin kyriale) - a collection of melodies of the fixed parts of the Mass: Kyrie eleison, Gloria, Sanctus, Agnus Dei, Ite missa est / Benedicamus Domino. According to the traditional collection we have 18 separate Masses for different occasions (Easter time, Marian holidays, ordinary time). The most famous is Mass 8 - De Angelis - Mass of angels, most commonly used in papal liturgy at the Vatican. In Kyriale there are individual melodies of individual solids that you can use to compose your own sets. In Kyriale, there are also melodies for aspirations - "Asperges" and "Vidi aquam", sung during Easter. Credo melodies are also included - the melody 3 is most commonly used in the Vatican. As a result of the liturgical reform after the Second Vatican Council, the mother tongue is used in the renewed liturgy, and the Kyrian is renounced. It is difficult to translate these melodies into the native languages, because of the multitude of melod

Sweater, a pullover - a kind of warm knit sweater, mostly wool (or - today - with added artificial fibers). The warmest, long sleeves, unsealed (pull through, "over" by, "here" "pulled over the head"), often with golf, are knitted with thick wool. This costume was developed by Gaelic fishermen from the Aran Islands on the west coast of Ireland, and to this day sweets are one of the sources of livelihood for local residents. Such fashionable sweaters were also in the 20th century, eg as part of a ski costume. From this period comes Norwegian colorful patterns that decorate the sweaters. Lightweight sweaters can be fastened with buttons or a zipper, with different finishes at the neck. In Poland, as in Germany, Russia or the Netherlands, pullover is usually called a sleeveless sweater. wiki

Collectif d'Art Sociologique - an artistic group founded in 1974 by Hervé Fischer, Jean Paul Hattot and Fred Forest. The group's activity was a response to the lack of interest in conceptualism for the sociological and political dimensions of art, aimed at illuminating the real, social functions of art, and questioning the myths that had been fixed on it. As Fischer writes, Sociological analysis of art makes it possible to preserve the necessary distance to individual creativity, which is a trap for others, and thereby demystifying this type of production. ... The problem was therefore the transition from the concepts of sociology of art, used in academic circles for critical analysis of artistic creativity, to actual practice consistent with this theory. The members of the group, as a direct impulse for their activity, also provide the conceptual art of the 1960s, in addition to conceptualism. The very concept of sociological art was created in 1971. Selected projects of

Appoggio (Italian) - conscious exhalation of the exhaust phase by a person singing with controlled respiratory muscle tension. The correct resonator function is also valid here. Functioning The whole voice acting machine is an integral part of the function, so the lack of correlation between its parts leads to a decrease in the acoustic value of the sound emitted. The voice apparatus can be divided into three components: Respiratory apparatus The human respirator consists of two segments: the chest and the abdomen. The thoracic segment consists of a chest shaped in the form of a bell, which from the bottom is closed with a flat muscle, diaphragm. The side walls of this bell are made of ribs, which, in the form of bone slides, extend from the spine to the front of the bridge, bending down simultaneously. Thanks to this tilt, and because of the large movable ribs, the chest can change its volume. wiki

Swamp of Čepkeliai in Dzukijskim National Park Dzukiki National Park (Dzūkijos nacionalinis parkas) is located in the south of Lithuania, at the border with Belarus, about 20 km northeast of Druskininkai. It was established in 1991 and occupies an area of ​​585.19 km², making it the largest national park in Lithuania. More than 90% of the Park's area is dominated by pine forests, inhabited by 54 species of mammals, more than 150 species of birds, 38 species of fish and several species of reptiles and amphibians. A relatively small part of the Park (232 hectares) is occupied by 48 lakes. Within the Park there are 28 nature reserves and 3 strict reserves. The National Park Directorate is based in Marcinkańce (Marcinkonys). wiki

Hammer constant - proportional coefficient in expressions determining the dependence of the influence of the distance between objects of different chemical compositions (particles, particles, eg colloidal, macroscopic objects - distinct phases) and various shapes. The size of the Hamaker's constant also depends on the medium in which these objects are located - for example, it allows for easy explanation of attraction and repulsion between physical bodies depending on the nature of the medium in which they are immersed. The value of the Hammer A constant for Van der Waals interactions defines the equation: A = π 2 × C × ρ 1 × ρ 2 {\displaystyle A=\pi ^{2}\times C\times \rho _{1}\times \rho _{2}} where ρ 1 {\displaystyle \rho _{1}} i ρ 2 {\displaystyle \rho _{2}} is the number of atoms in a unit of volume of interacting bodies, and C is a factor for the potential of atomic-atom pairs. wiki

Brenna's coat Brenna's coat shows two spruces in the silver box on two hills, right green, left golden. History The coat of arms is known, in a slightly modified form, since the 18th century, when it appeared on the municipal seal. The oldest stamp was stamped on the cadastral document of 1723. Round seal, 25 mm in diameter, presents two willows without leaves, standing on the grass. On the rim, the inscription DIEDINA BRINNA 1711. In the area of ​​the next seal of 1751 there is a drawing of two willows with slightly higher trunks, as if the palms, each on the hill, and on the rim the inscription + DIEDINA BRINA 1751. This stamp was extruded in 1775, 1786, 1820 and 1835. In 1864, a new seal, 32 mm in diameter, with Polish inscription * BRINA * 1864 and a drawing with two willows on the grass (according to Gumowski's palm) appeared. This stamp was imprinted, among others. on letters and documents from 1870-1916. The same drawing, but with reversed colors, is known from

Absolute poverty - a term used in international statistics to mark marginal poverty. The concept of absolute (absolute) poverty is defined most often as a state of living conditions that does not provide basic biological (biological) functions. Extremely (poor) is the poor who can spend less than the equivalent of one dollar a day. Such people are in the world about 2 billion, which is over 1/3 of humanity. The majority are inhabitants of Africa and South Asia. Bibliography wiki

Man with an arrow - a picture painted by Rogier van der Weyden. An example of late-Gothic portrait painting in the Netherlands. The figure is identified with Antoni, the illegitimate son of Philip the Good and Jeanne de Prelle. The painting was painted around 1461. It is located in the Musées Royaux des Beaux-Arts in Brussels. This is a portrait painted on oak wood with oil technique. It measures 38.4 × 28 cm On a dark neutral background was shown en trois quartes man figure. The artist focused his attention on dark eyes, big nose and full lips. Her expression speaks of an aristocratic attitude, full of pride and pride. The head is covered with a conical brown cap, dressed in a modest dark uniform. Antoni was a plenipotentiary and counselor of the court of Philip Good. He was decorated in the Order of the Golden Fleece in 1456, with a badge on his gold necklace. The Golden Fleece is a to the mythical legend of Jason, also referring to Gondon's Rune, of which we know from th

Miroslav Verner (2013) Miroslav Verner (born 31 October 1941 in Brno) is a Czech archeologist and Egyptologist. He specializes in the issues of the Old Kingdom, especially the IV and V Dynasty. For seventeen years he was the director of the Czech Institute of Egyptology. He has been leading the archaeological work of the Czech Mission in Abusir since 1976. He is associated with the University of Vienna, the University of Hamburg and the University of Prague and the American University in Cairo. In 1998, he was awarded the Medal of Merit for the 2nd degree. Publications Authoritative control (person): wiki

Hyoliths († Hyolitha) - a group of extinct animals from the Lophotrochozoa clan, living from the Cambrian to the Permian. Jerzy Dzik classifies them into molluscs (Mollusca); whereas Moysiuk, Smith, and Caron (2017) suggest their closer relationship with crystals and brachiopods. In Cambrian and the Ordovician, this group was an important component of marine fauna. Hiolites have elongated, conical, two-seater symmetrical shells, flattened on one side. The shell was closed with a lid. At the estuary, there were droplets of unknown function. Hiolites lived only in the marine environment and led the benton lifestyle. Probably they were musketeers. Bibliography wiki

Aglaophyton major (Aglaophyton major) - one of the oldest telomere plants, belonging to the Rhinophytes (originally classified as Rhynia). Probably overgrown lakes, rivers or early Devonian marshes (praga). Sporophyte had rhizomes with grasshoppers. From the rhizomes, dendritic branches of spiny leafless shoots emerged, reaching up to 30-60 cm in height, ending at quite large, spindly spindles. Spores are described under the separate name Retusotriletes. Male gametophyta aglaofiton is probably the later species of Lyonophyton rhyniensis Remy et Remy, 1980. Bibliography wiki

Outdoor exposure Walk for the Pomeranian Fort in Mirosławiec - a military museum devoted to the history of Central Pomerania fights. The museum was opened on March 16, 1985 in the Municipal-Cultural Center building. with the Polish Army. In the first room there were exhibits related to the struggles for Polishness from the Piast period to the partitions, and in the second one connected with the LWP. The main point is the diorama of size 9 m at 3.3 m, presenting the struggle to break the Pomeranian shaft in Mirosławiec area. In addition to this, the museum displays a collection of weapons in both indoor and outdoor exposure. wiki

Baron Carl Heinrich von Gleichen (born 1733, died 1807) is a Danish and Austrian diplomat. Curriculum vitae Of Danish origin. He was a Danish extraordinary ambassador in Paris. On March 15, 1766, he was accompanied by Polish special envoy Feliks Franciszek Łoyko. Some time later he went to Austria. Between 1768 and 1770 he served as ambassador to Austria in France. Later he was an ambassador in the Kingdom of Naples. He was there from 1 July 1771 to 15 August of this year as Envoye extraordinaire. His relative was Count Carl Friedrich von Hatzfeldt-Gleichen (1718-1793). Bibliography wiki

Svistovka-Tal, Ratzentälchen, Svistovkavölgy) is the largest lateral branch of the Slovakian Dolina (Široká dolina), which splits in the Javorinská massif (Javorinská massif). Široká, Široká) between Dolina Szeroka (Široká dolina) and Świstówka Jaworowa (Javorinka Valley). From Dolina Szerokia in the west it separates the north-western arm of the summit of Switna Góra (Svišťovky) about 2070 m above sea level, and from its south-east Świstówka Jaworowa is separated by a fragment of the north-eastern arm of Szeroka Jaworzyńska on the section of Świstowa Gora - Murowany Koszar ( Košiar, 1870 m). From the main part of the Jawor Valley in the east it is separated by a massif of Murowana Koszar. The valley is inaccessible to tourists. It is located in a strict nature reserve. Bibliography wiki

The Malazan Empire - a fantasy world described by Steven Erikson in the Malazan Book of the Fall. By 2011, 9 volumes were published, the last one being in preparation. The Malazan Empire plays a key role in the first four volumes and in the sixth volume, but the author announces that it will no longer play a decisive role in the next four volumes. The Malazan Empire bases its strength on a well-trained army of associations with the armies of the Roman Empire and modern American marines. wiki

Český svaz válečníků (ČSV) - Czech collaborative paramilitary organization in the Czech and Moravian Protectorate during the Second World War. The union was formed in 1941 on the initiative of Colonel Gendarmerie Oto Bláhy (soon to be promoted to general). He had contacts with the Gestapo and other German security services. As early as April 4, 1941, he submitted his wish to participate in the fight for a new Europe. Members of the Union were recruited mainly from former Czechoslovak Corps soldiers fighting in Siberia between 1918 and 1920 with the Bolsheviks. The organization numbered over 7.7 thousand. members. In fact, they did not want to fight with the Germans on the eastern front. Many of them had democratic and anti-German views. In 1943, the former Maj. Gen. Maj. Robert Rychtrmoc, who advocated the creation of a Czech army within the German armed forces. One of the chief ideologists of ČSB was Major Gustav Mohapl. The association worked with the National Union. After the w

Newly industrialized countries in 2007. From left: Mexico, Brazil, South Africa, Turkey, India, China, Thailand, Malaysia, Philippines Newly-industrialized countries are a group of developing countries characterized by the dynamic development of high technology industries, huge resources of cheap labor, favorable tax policies for foreign investors and a very high GDP growth rate. This group of countries includes, among others. Mexico, Brazil, South Africa, Turkey, India, China, Thailand, Malaysia, Philippines. Some of the sociologists in this group also include "Asian tigers", others classify them in a separate group of newly industrialized countries. Mid-level countries are characterized by less productive capacity, higher profitability of material production in the structure of GDP, relatively high employment in sectors I and II, average living standard. wiki

Ammonium persulfate - an example of persulfate. Persulphurates - salts of peroxydisulphonic acid. They contain hexavalent sulfur and an oxygen-oxygen bond. properties The persulphates are colorless crystalline solids. Most of them are water-soluble. In the dry state they are stable and their solutions decompose under the influence of heating. They have strong oxidizing properties. Application These compounds are used in the production of dyes, in organic synthesis and chemical analysis, and in photography as weakening agents. They are also used for bleaching and as disinfectants. wiki

Mama, Kaśka, me and gangsters - Ewa Ostrowska's novel published in 1984. The book is rolling out during the last weeks of the school year and during the holidays. Danuta Sosnowska, 14, is the main character and narrator at the same time. Danka has twin sister Kaśka (to which she is not similar) and crazy mama, which according to twins is rather a culinary antitheater. At the end of the school year, the family goes to Mazury by car, which was previously won in the lottery. During the trip, unexpectedly ladies catch rubber, which begins real summer adventures. While visiting Lake Mokry, they visit very strange guests. They appear to be gangsters who smuggle valuable old coins. Finally, another strange guest arrives at Mokre - Captain Andrzej Piotrowski, who at first was the main heroine considered one of the ganers. But soon, with the help of the captain, he is caught. After a successful action Mr. Andrzej makes a visit to the twins and their mothers. A cryptographic threa

debate. Regional Monthly - monthly monthly published in Olsztyn since October 2007. Funded and published since 2009 by the Debate Foundation (previously published by Bogdan Bachmura, BAFF Publishing House), which also runs the Deb @ ta web portal. The editor-in-chief of the monthly is Dariusz Jarosiński and the Adam Jerzy Socha portal. Monthlies appear in both paper and electronic format (available in the archive on the Deb @ ta portal). The publication is inspired by the motto Only the truth is interesting to Jozef Mackiewicz. Debate is a journalistic, social, political, historical and cultural topic related primarily to Olsztyn and the surrounding area. In "Debate" publish, among others. historians of the Olsztyn Institute of National Remembrance and employees of the Institute of Political Science of the University of Warmia and Mazury. The monthly columnists are: Appendix: IPN archives run by: Paweł Warot, Piotr Kardela, Krzysztof Sychowicz. wiki

Clintons in the north wall of the Pig Mountain wall - usually steep, very steep (cliff), vertical or even overturned (oled) rocky or glacial mountain slope o as a uniform exhibit, one of the largest terrain formations recognized in climbing. The mountain wall can be many hundreds of meters high, but the climbers of this name also describe much smaller, less than ten meters of rock or shoal. For climbing mountaineers, artificial climbing walls are being prepared. It all depends on the qualification of the climber and the difficulty of acquiring it. The conditions of climbing on natural walls depend on the type of substrate and the steepness, also on their orientation to the sun, exposure to the wind and the seasons. Most often on one wall can be identified several climbing routes. The road closest to the straight line from the base of the wall to the top of the summit is called direttissima (the simplest one). In the Tatra Mountains, the northern wall of the Little Kežmarok Pea

White Palace w Genius Pier Franco Grimaldi, or: Alessandro Piero Francesco Grimaldi (born August 12, 1715, January 4, 1791) is an Italian politician and genuinant. Pier Francesco Grimaldi was entered into the Libro d'Oro on March 28, 1735. He belonged to the mighty Grimaldi family, who gave birth to many dogs. His father Giovanni Battista Grimaldi was reared in 1752, and cousin Giovanni Giacomo Grimaldi in 1756. He began his career in the Genoese army. At the age of 35, he was a battalion inspector of the battalion "Andergosser" in Corsica, where he commanded 667 soldiers. When in 1746 Giovan Battista Perasso threw the Austrians out of Genoa, Grimaldi took part in these battles as Commissioner General of the Eastern Riviera (Commissario Generale di tutta la Riviera di Levante). His brother Francesco Grimaldi fought in the same sector. In 1756 Pier Francesco was chosen as one of the five patriarchs of the Magistrate of Guerra. " In 1772, he was elected inquisit

Metropolis Records is an American music label and distributor of electronic music, created in 1995. The company initially worked as a music store under the name Digital Underground. Acted as Metropolis Records started in 1995. The publisher focuses on promoting and distributing music from Synthpop, EBM and Industrial. Metropolis Records distributes products such as A Different Drum, Alfa Matrix, Cleopatra Records, Nilaihah, KMFDM, Project Records, Strange Ways, DSBP and WTII Records. wiki

Nicolaus Bernoulli; (also Nicolas or Nikolas, Polish equivalent - Nicholas); (born 21 October 1687 in Basel, died 29 November 1759) is a Swiss mathematician, nephew of Jacob and Johann Bernoulli. In 1704 he graduated from the University of Basel, and five years later he obtained his doctorate in probability theory. In 1716 he took the chair of physics at the University of Padua; He worked there. differential equations and geometry. In 1722 he returned to Switzerland, where he took up his university of logic at his home university. The greatest achievements of Nicholas Bernoulli are contained in his correspondence, especially with the French mathematician Peter de Montmort. In these letters he first described the problem of the so- The parish of St. Petersburg (although the name - as well as its solution - comes from his cousin Daniel). Nicholas Bernoulli was also in touch with Godfrey Leibniz and Leonard Euler. Authoritative control (person): wiki

Bust of a woman from the Congo tribe (1910) Congo or Bakongo, Wakongo, Sundi - African people from the Bantu group, inhabiting the lands along the lower reaches of the Congo River and the coastal provinces of Angola, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Congo, Gabon; about 8 million (1990s); traditional beliefs (cult of ancestors, god-creator worship of Nzambi Mpungu) and syncretic nature (kimbangism and others); in the fourteenth-eighteenth centuries, organized within the Kingdom of the Congo; Main activities: cereal cultivation, hunting, in some areas breeding; ancient and rich traditions of crafts (mainly weaving, knitting, pottery); elaborated art (gravestones, fetishes, etc.); Ancestral structure based on polygynous matrilineal family (matrilineal). wiki

Academy of Music of the Three - established in November 2006 on the wave of changes in the Program 3 of the Polish Radio ("Trinity") after the appointment as the director of the station Krzysztof Skowronski. The main task of the Academy is to care for the quality of music presented on the program 3. The aim of the chapter is also to evaluate and create musical events, such as granting prestigious music awards to them. Mateusz Święcicki. The trio's award was renewed in 2007. Academics run proprietary radio programs, titled "Tricity Music Academy", and select music tracks presented in non-autobiographical programs such as journalism. The Academy was founded by prominent music and media journalists: Jan Borkowski, Jan Chojnacki, Grzegorz Hoffmann, Piotr Kaczkowski, Janusz Kosiński, Marcin Kydryński, Wojciech Mann, Piotr Metz, Marek Niedźwiecki Wojciech Ossowski, Barbara Podmiotko (died 2014), Piotr Stelmach, Paweł Sztompke, Agnieszka Szydłowska, Grzegorz Wasows

dissenter, a traditional, out-of-date, definition of the faithful of these Protestant churches, which in England, Wales, Scotland and Ireland were distinct from the Churches of England, and the Church of Scotland. For the first time officially used this term (Protest Dissenters) in the Act of Toleration (1688). These were called Presbyterians, Congregationalists, Baptists, Quakers and Methodists. In the 18th century dissidents were also called British Catholics. From the middle of this century, the term "nonconformists" has started to refer to dissidents. Famous dissidents Bibliography wiki

Ameloblast, enameloblast, adamantoblast - epithelial glaucoma. Participates in the process of odontogenesis, ie the process of tooth formation in vertebrates. Ameloblasts build an inner, single layer of the gingival organ, directed towards the dental papillae. Each cell has about 4 μm diameter and 40 μm; The cross section has a hexagonal shape. The secretory pole of the cell forms a hexagonal shape pyramid known as Tomes fiber. Ameloblasts are produced and deposited on the surface of the dental wart. It is composed mainly of amelogenin and enamelin proteins which, after mineralization, is transformed into a suitable enamel. See terms related to medical terms and related wikipedia. wiki

Beslidhja Skaut Albania - the first Albanian national scout organization established in 2004. Since 2005 member of WOSM. In 2004 there were about 1,000 scouts. The Scout Movement existed in Albania in the years 1920 - 1937. Albania was one of the founding members of WOSM. The movement was dissolved by the then King Zoga I. After World War II, the pioneer organization was established in the country. It was only in 1999 that the reconstruction of today's Scouting began, with a turning point in WOSM. wiki

Benedict de Caché (born in 1740 probably) - Austrian diplomat. The exact time of his birth is unknown. His ancestors were huguenots, immigrants from France, after whom in 1685 Louis XIV canceled the Nantes edict. He began his diplomatic career as an Austrian mission officer in Sweden between 1764 and 1782. He served as the Austrian Chargé d'affaires in the Commonwealth from May 1782 to July 1794. He was negative about the reforms of the Four-Year Sejm. In July 1794, during the Kosciuszko insurrection, he decided to leave his diplomatic mission by announcing that he was leaving for Karlsbad only to repair his health. He returned to Poland only in 1808. Before he returned, he was the commissioner of the Debt Settlement Committee. In 1808 he settled in Warsaw, being actually an Austrian agent. Bibliography wiki

Yeísmo - a phonetic process that takes place in a part of the Latin American region of the United States. Ll traditionally expressed the voice ʎ (palatal lateral). This sound has disappeared in most areas of America except bilingual areas where it is spoken in Quechua or in other Native American languages ​​that have this phoneme in their phonetics. It is also declining in Spain, but it is also similar - it does not refer to the bilingual areas of the Catalan language or other languages ​​in which it is present. In most areas, the phoneme is similar to j. This phenomenon is called yeísmo. wiki

Fragment of an intrigued door from 1756 from the Church of the Holy Ghost in Torun Intarsia - decorative technique consisting in creating an image by lining the surface of wooden objects (especially furniture) with other species of wood, sometimes tinted, stained or tan. The inserts are placed in place of the removed pieces from the surface of the object. The technique already known in antiquity was developed during the Baroque and Renaissance periods. The oldest preserved object is the cedar sarcophagus from about 2000 p.n.e. A special flowering of the intarsia took place in Toruń in the 18th century. Although this technique was present in Torun from the second half of the 16th century, however, from about 1730 it became the dominant decorative technique in Toruń artistic carpentry. It was decorated with all elements of the bourgeois interiors (eg: wardrobes, wall cabinets, clock cabinets, boxes, cassettes, wainscoting, doors) and representative - town hall, churches (eg portals

Semen Horuk (born September 13, 1873) is a Ukrainian journalist, officer of the Legion of Ukrainian Sikhs and Ukrainian Halic army. Graduated from Kolomyy Gymnasium, then studied at Lviv University. He was an activist of the organization "Molody Ukraina" and the Christian-Social Party, as well as editor of the magazine "Ruslan" and one of the organizers of "Galicia". He was one of the organizers of the USS Legion, beginning as a commander of the sotnians, and from November 1914 - a moron. He participated in the battles of Makiwce and under Lyson, was wounded in the battle of Potutor. In October 1918 he participated in the work of the Ukrainian General Military Commissar who prepared the occupation of Lviv in November 1918. From November 5 to December 10, 1918, he was the Chief of Staff of the UHA Headquarters. He participated in the Polish-Ukrainian war and the Ukrainian-Bolshevik war. He was taken to the Bolshevik captivity in April 1920 in Kiev

Bodzepor - Old Polish male name. It is a transformation of the original Godbor from the partial translation of the name Deospor, or it is a representation of Latin. Christophorus (Krzysztof), a Polish-Latin hybrid (the first part of the name translated as Bodze), which is to be interpreted as the former from the noun god, and the second was assimilated to f. God's support. " Another theory is presented by Andrzej Bańkowski - he translates this name as "having in God strength", since in Old Polish the word "god" was just a sound (now god). In the early part of the war, it meant "full of strength" in Prešovian. It recognizes the primordial form of Bodzepor and the secondary Bozepor (the noise equivalent of dz), or the more Godlike (the attempt to correct the "z" from the nationwide). See. wiki

Georg Schallermaira's arrest warrant Georg Schallermair (born December 29, 1894, died June 7, 1951) is a Nazi criminal, report officer at KL Mühldorf, Dachau aside and SS-Hauptscharführer. Born in Hebertshausen. Before the camp in 1944 he was a soldier of the Wehrmacht. Then he was transferred to the Waffen-SS. From August 1944 to May 1, 1945 he was a report officer (Rapportführer), responsible for the prisoners' appeals in the Mühldorf camp. He was co-responsible for the deaths of many prisoners. He was pining on them and was responsible for the terrible conditions in the camp. After the end of the war, Schallermair was tried by the American Military Tribunal in Dachau on 18-23 September 1947. He was found guilty and sentenced to death. The sentence was made by hanging in the Landsberg prison in June 1951. Bibliography wiki

Elliott Landy (born in 1942) is an American photographer, best known for shooting rock music. He was the official photographer of the Woodstock Festival in 1969. His photographs appeared on the cover of such newspapers as Rolling Stone, Life and the Saturday Evening Post. His photographs also included covers of many albums, among others. Bob Dylan, Van Morrison and The Band. From 1967 to 1969 Landy photographed Janis Joplin, Jim Hendriks and Jim Morrison, going along with them on every trip. He also published several books, including a collection of his photographs. Landy has been living in Woodstock since the mid-sixties. Authoritative control (person): wiki

Al-Hajj Muhammad Amin al-Husayn (born 1895 or 1897, died 4 July 1974) is a Palestinian nationalist and political leader of the Muslim movement in the Mandate of Palestine, a large mufti of Jerusalem from 1921 to 1948. He led to the outbreak of anti-Jewish riots in 1936-1939. Fleeing from arrest, he fled to exile where he continued his anti-Jewish activities. Youth Muhammad Amin al-Hussein was born in Jerusalem, then part of the Ottoman Empire (now Israel). He was the son of the mufti city of Mohammed Tahir al-Husayn, who was then a fierce opponent of Zionism. The Husayn clan was one of the wealthiest families in southern Palestine, and possessed lands around Jerusalem. The thirteen members of the clan were the mayors of Jerusalem in the years 1864-1920. Brother Amin, Kamil al-Husayn was a great mufti of Jerusalem. Young Amin graduated from Islamic school in Jerusalem, studying Turkish at French governmental schools, French Catholic missionaries and Albert Antébi (director of the Al

Nagar - a former Muslim duchy located in present-day Pakistan. Nagar covered an area of ​​5,000 km², with Nagar's capital. The Principality was established in the 14th century in the northwestern part of modern Kashmir. In 1889 the British adopted a protectorate. In 1947 he was part of Kashmir, which was occupied by Pakistan, where he obtained the status of autonomous duchy. In 1968, a rebellion against the monarchy took place in Nagar. On September 25, 1974, Pakistan's Prime Minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto decided to liquidate the Nagar state. wiki

Fuhlrott Johann Carl Fuhlrott (born December 31, 1803 in Leinefelde, died October 17, 1877 in Elberfelde) is a German anthropologist, the actual Neanderthal explorer. He graduated in mathematics and natural sciences from the University of Bonn, working as a high school teacher in Elberfeld. In 1856 the workers of a nearby limestone quarry discovered hominid bones in a cave in the quarry, which they showed to Fuhlrott, known for his natural interests. Fuhlrott properly labeled it as human, pointing out that it was not a modern human species, and some were extinct. A year later, together with Professor Bonn Schaaffhausen, they published an article about a new species of man, named after them from the Neanderthal site. Classification of described debris into the new human species has caused much controversy and was initially rejected by most of the scientific world, but very soon this view was confirmed. It was then that the Neanderthal remains were found and earlier (eg in Gibraltar),

Józef Dąbrowski (born March 9, 1949 in Mińsk Mazowiecki) - Polish politician, trade union activist, railwayman, Member of Parliament for the third term of office. Curriculum vitae He completed his studies at the Institute of Transport of the Warsaw University of Technology. Since 1972 he has been working in railroads, including in the first half of the 1990s as a director. Since 1980 it belongs to Solidarity. During martial law he was interned for the period from 19 December 1981 to 29 April 1982. He served as a Member of the III term elected from the AWS. He chaired the Transport Committee. In 2000 he was excluded from the AWS parliamentary club. In 2001 he returned to work at PKP, for several months he was a member of PKP Intercity's management board, later became a spokesperson for client rights. It belongs to the Association of Catholic Families, since 1996 he chaired the Polish Catholic Railway Association. with Radio Maryja. He is a Knight of the Order of the Grave o

Zofia Zamenhof ok. 1906 r. Zofia Zamenhof (born 15 December 1889, died 1942 in Treblinka) is a Polish pediatrician and internist of Jewish origin, daughter of Ludwik (1859-1917) and Klara Zamenhof (1863-1924), sister of Lidia (1904-1942) and Adam (1888-1940). During World War II she was transferred to the Warsaw ghetto where she continued her doctor's work. During the great deportation action in August 1942 she arrived at the Umschlagplatz. Although, as a physician, she had no chance to enter the wagon, she did not want to leave her little patients and went with them to the death camp in Treblinka, where she died in a gas chamber. Its symbolic grave (commemorative plaque at Klara Zamenhof's grave) is located in the Jewish cemetery at Okopowa Street in Warsaw. Bibliography wiki

Tadeusz Tołwiński (born 1955) - Polish Protestant pastor, pastor of the Toruń church of the Evangelical Church of the Republic of Poland. Curriculum vitae He is a graduate of the Christian Theological Academy (Warsaw) and Trinity Western University (Langley, British Columbia, Canada), an All Nation Christian Collage listener (Ware, UK). Originally a clergyman of the United Evangelical Church in the People's Republic of Poland. After the dissolution in 1988 of this denomination he became the pastor of the Christian Evangelical Church in Poland (KECh) and a member of the Church Council. KECh Chief Presbyterian in 1993-1995 and again from 2007 to 2016. Organizer of Christian Conferences, popularization of the idea of ​​Christian international cooperation. Founder and pastor of the Church of the Evangelical Christian Church in Toruń. Director of the Evangelical Foundation of Toruń and Editor-in-Chief of the Evangelical Voice. wiki

vasovagal response - vasodilatation and the slowing down of heart rate, leading to a drop in blood pressure, results from a change in body position, usually in the vertical position. Physiology It is a physiological reaction that is usually felt as a dizzy spasm with the displacement of approximately 700 ml of blood into the venous system below the diaphragm. This results in a decrease in venous return, leading to a reduction in cardiac output. Reduction of cardiac output triggers compensatory mechanisms, which involve the contraction of the visceral blood vessels and the skin and accelerates the heart rate. These two mechanisms usually prevent unconsciousness, and baroreceptors located in the aortic arch and carotid sinus are located to guard the correctness of this reaction. pathology Under pathological conditions, the baroreceptor reflex is abnormal: bradycardia and vasodilatation result in fainting of the vagus, leading to syncope, called vasopressive syncope. Diagnostics

Piotr Woźnicki (born 1975 in Kraków) - Polish swimmer and trainer, member of the board of the UKU Unia Oswiecim club, coach of the Olympic team. Curriculum vitae He was swimming under the guidance of his father, coach Kazimierz Woźnicki. His greatest success as a player was in the junior and senior championships in Poland between 1990 and 1993. He completed physiotherapy at the Academy of Physical Education in Cracow. He was a teacher-trainer at the sports school in Auschwitz, at the Dwory Unia club. Recently associated with the UKP Union, and since 2003 appointed as coach of the Olympic team of swimmers. Together with Marek Dorywalski, he trained several Polish medalists in the junior and senior categories, among others. Pawel Korzeniowski, Sławomir Wolniak, Marcin Unold, Tomasz Gaszyk. He participated in the 2004 Olympic Games in Athens. Now, together with Paweł Słominski, the head coach of the national team, he is leading the team of Polish swimmers. Bibliography wiki

Georg Eberlein (born 13 April 1819 in Markt Erlbach, died July 8, 1884 in Nuremberg) is a German architect and painter. Professor at the School of Arts in Nuremberg. He was a pupil and co-worker of Carl Alexander Heideloff, with whom he worked at the decoration of the castle Landsberg near Meiningen. He has renovated many architectural monuments. His most famous sculpture is "Wounded Virgin", which is now at the Pomeranian Philharmonic in Bydgoszcz (formerly in the Mieczkowski Palace in Niedźwiedzie). Bibliography Authoritative control (person): wiki

Mieczysław Piecka (born 17 January 1931 in Pruszków) is a Polish politician, legal adviser and trade unionist, Member of Parliament for the second term of office. Curriculum vitae He graduated in 1968 from the Faculty of Law at the University of Warsaw. He worked as a teacher, and also obtained the legal advisor's powers. In the years 1993-1997 he served as deputy to the Sejm II term elected from the list of the Democratic Left Alliance in Białystok. He works in the Polish Teachers' Union. Bibliography wiki

Pentagon Papers are a popular secret name, with 7,000. The pages of a report by the United States government to describe the history of American involvement in the Vietnam War. This report gained fame when it was stolen and forwarded to the New York Times by Daniel Ellsberg and then published in 1971. The official title of the report is the United States-Vietnam Relations, 1945-1967: A Study Prepared by the Department of Defense, US-Vietnam Relations, 1945-1967: Defense Department Report. wiki

Homosexuality - a collection of interviews with Polish writers, conducted by Jacek Trznadel. The subject of interviews concerns the attitudes of Polish literary writers in the years of Stalinism, at the turn of the 40s and 50s. An open book of essay on Homosexuality is an introduction to the subject. The book was published in Paris in 1986, in the Literary Institute, in the library series "Kultura". In the same year, Homelessness appeared in Poland, in the underground Nowa publishing house. The title of the book comes from a fragment of Cyprian Norwid's song, The Spirit of Adam, and the scandal: She will die in her womb I will be there! Table of Contents Conversations with writers: wiki

Political error - the decision to take or abandon a political action that brings unplanned and unforeseen negative effects. The sources of political error include: ignorance, lack of experience, and the characteristics of decision-makers' personalities that are inadequate to their position and political roles, making it impossible to correctly identify the conditions and mechanisms of public life. There is an objective political error and a subjective political error. Looking at this problem in a different way, you can point to two types of errors: wiki

CVD (China Video Disc) - a format for recording multimedia on CDs created during the development of the SVCD standard and very similar to it. The most important difference is the lower (horizontal) resolution that is 352x480 (NTSC) or 352x576 (PAL / SECAM). Since the 352x480 / 576 is one of the typical DVD-Video resolutions, the image (but not audio) in the CVD format is fully compatible with it, so avoiding the aliasing problem of SVCD playback on DVD players. Lower resolution reduces the bit rate while maintaining the minimum number of artifacts. CVD supports all additional features (additional subtitles, alternate audio tracks, etc.) present in the SVCD standard. wiki

Zygnema - a type of algae from the greens. Occurs in the fresh water of Eurasia, Africa and America. Characteristic The filamentous pleura, made up of cylindrical cells (10 to 50 μm in diameter), contains two starch chloroplasts with one pyrethroid each. Sexual reproduction occurs through conjugation, usually ladylike, sometimes also lateral, mostly anisogamous. Zygospora surrounded by a triple membrane. In winter, aplanospores and spore spores are often produced. Bibliography Joanna Zofia Kadłubowska: Freshwater Flora of Poland. T. 12A. Zygnemaceae Eczema. Cracow: PWN, 1972. wiki

Joszua Gotlieb was actually Joszua Heszel Gotlieb (born 1882 in Pińsk, died 1940 in Kazakhstan) - Jewish journalist and politician of the Second Polish Republic, MP for the 4th term of office. Curriculum vitae He graduated from law school. In 1913 he was associated with the Zionist movement. In 1916 he became a member of the Central Committee of the Zionist Organization in Poland. He worked in the Zionist dailies "Hajnt" (1919-1935) and "Der Moment" (1935-1939). From 1927 to 1934 the president of the Jewish section of the Warsaw Syndicate Syndicate. Between 1924-1939, a member of the Jewish Religious Community in Warsaw, and from 1926 until the outbreak of war her vice president. In the second term of the Sejm, deputy MP from the BMN, in the years 1936-1938 a member of the Sejm of the fourth term, replaced the deceased Waclaw Wiślicki. After September 17, 1939, he was arrested by the NKVD and sent to Central Asia, where he died of exhaustion. Bibliograph

Radio silence - a situation in which all stationary and mobile radio transmitters in a given area stop transmitting. In general, it is used in the military and is intended to conceal the position or intent of one's own forces, such as the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, but also to facilitate the operation of radio telescopes or at sea to allow weak SOS signals to be heard. Deprecated after the GMDSS: (For radio silence, three minutes after each full hour and every half hour thereafter (no correspondence is allowed except for emergency communications, urgent communications and security communications). The first minute of radio silence is for listening only to distress communications. The second minute of radio silence is for urgent messages and the third for safety (warning). Bibliography wiki

(3950) Yoshida - asteroid belt asteroid group that circled the Sun in 5 years and 66 days in the mean distance of 2.99 AU. She was discovered on February 8, 1986 in Karasuyama by Shigeru Inoda and Takeshi Urata. The name of the asteroid comes from Tougo Yoshida (1864-1918), a Japanese historian who created the dictionary of historical geographical names of Japan. The name was suggested by K. Hatayama. Before naming the planet, she was given a temporary designation (3950) 1986 CH. wiki

Batoria is an academy founded in Vilnius on March 22, 1922. Color: blue-white-gold Coat of Arms: in a bicameral shield, in the right field, red - wolf fangs (emblem of the Batorych family), in the left field - three oblique belts: blue, white and yellow, Motto: Scientia - Patria - Honor (Science - Homeland - Honor) Cartels: Lechia In December 2002 she was revived in Torun, Nicolaus Copernicus University, under the care of cartel K! Lechia. Currently only the Philosopher's Circle works! Batoria wiki

Hałbów in the municipality Nowy Żmigród Cemetery with graves of the victims of the German terror, in the forest near the road to Krempna, near the bus stop HKS Hałbów (between Kąty and Krempna), south of Nowy Zmigrod near the pass. In July 1942, the Nazis murdered about 1260 Poles, mostly of Jewish origin from Nowy Zmigrod and brought from Lodz. About this tragic event informs the plaque on the monument at the crime scene. In the summer of 1942, a part of the Jews from Nowy Zmigród were murdered on the spot, about 500 were taken to the Płaszów labor camp, some were shot in the forest near Hałbow in the local Jewish cemetery, and the others were deported to the death camp in Bełżec. Three days later, the Germans shot the majority of Jews from the ghetto in Jodłow. Bibliography wiki

Ayurvedic glasses Ayurvedic Glasses (multi-pleated glasses) - Eyeglass lenses made according to ancient Indian medicine. In place of the lens there are opaque apertures with many small diameter holes. The sharpness of the view is enhanced by increasing the depth of field when viewed through the aperture. According to the manufacturers of Ayurvedic glasses treat myopia, farsightedness, astigmatism, cataract and strabismus in children, however, there are no clinical studies that would confirm this effect. wiki

Strangers - Indian thriller directed by 2007 debutant Anand Rai. In the roles of Jimmy Shergill, Kay Kay Menon, Nandana Sen and Sonali Kulkarni. This is an adaptation of Alfred Hitchcock's 1951 film, Strangers on the train. The film tells the story of two men who, knowing by accident on the train, challenge themselves. Having told stories of their unhappy marriages, they decide on the perfect murder. Each of them has to kill the other's wife. Story On a train set off from London, he meets in a compartment of two unknown men. They are the Indians living in England. In front of them are several hours of traveling together, so they start telling stories of their unfortunate marriages. Rahul (Jimmy Shergill) is a writer who is in the midst of a period of creative impotence. Unemployed, dissatisfied with himself, nailed to his unloved wife, runs away into alcohol. Preity (Nandana Sen) hurts him with treachery while spending the night away. Sanjeev Rai (Kay Kay Menon) is a busines

Nitragine - a biological preparation (bacterial fertilizer) containing a specially adapted strain of symbiotic papillary bacteria prepared for the treatment of legume seeds. Nitragine is seeded directly before sowing, usually using a water slurry. Rhizobium or Bradyrhizobium papillae, capable of binding free atmospheric nitrogen, in the form of sterile spores develop in the soil and infect the host plant, causing the warts to form on the roots of symbiotic plants. These bacteria are closely matched to the plant with high virulence and affinity to the host. These bacteria assimilate atmospheric nitrogen and supply it in a suitable form to the plants. This practice saves on the nitrogen fertilization of plants, but their activity is dependent on environmental conditions. wiki

Konstanty Nieciecki (born 1906 in Petrograd, died November 10, 1937 in Leningrad) is a Soviet journalist. He was born in 1906 in Petrograd (St. Petersburg) in a working family (son of Francis). In 1928 he became a member of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolshevik). Until 1930 he worked at the factory. W.I. Lenin. He graduated from the Evening Institute of Journalism in Leningrad. In the beginning of 1930, he was posted as a Leningrad Oblast Commissioner (B) to the Leningrad Oblast of the Leningrad Oblast to the editorial office of the regional newspaper «Колхозник-животновод» (Kołchoźnik - Animal Breeder). In April 1930 he signed the first issue of the newspaper. He worked as an editor of this newspaper until the beginning of 1932. On September 11, 1937, he was arrested by the NKVD, and on November 3 of that year he was tried by the Military Tribunal of the Leningrad Military District. On November 10, 1937 Konstanty Nieciecki was executed by shooting. Presumably buried in the colle

Lure of the Temptress - a revolutionary computer game developed by Revolution Software and released in 1992 by Virgin Interactive Entertainment for Amiga, Atari ST and PC. This is the first game in which the Virtual Theater system was used to give independent characters random elements in their actions, while programming routines and interacting with other characters. The game engine has been adapted to run on the ScummVM virtual machine so you can run it on modern platforms. Game The game takes place in the medieval fantasy world of Turnvale. The main character is a young knight named Diermot, the royal squire. The evil sorceress Selena kills the king, and she throws him into the dungeon. Diermot must first escape and then stop the witch. In his adventure, the player does not remain alone. They will help him meet the characters, including, among others. Rescued by a boy named Ratpouch. On April 1, 2003, Revolution Software released a free downloadable game. wiki

Omelan Antonovych (born 1914 in the valley - died 28 February 2008 in Lviv) - Ukrainian lawyer, art patron. Curriculum vitae He was born into a family court clerk. He studied at the Academic Gymnasium in Lviv, a Ukrainian grammar school in Przemysl, studied at the Catholic University of Lublin, the Poznan University of Commerce, the Academy of Commerce in Berlin. During his studies he worked in the student organization "Molom Hromada", then joined the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists. In 1933 he was arrested for his activities in the CNS, convicted, spent three years in the Polish prison. During the Second World War he was involved in organizational activities in the CNS and was arrested by the German authorities and sent to the concentration camp Sachsenhausen. In 1946, after graduating from the Law Faculty of the Free Ukrainian University in Prague, he married Tatiana Terłecka, a well known neuropathologist at the University of Vienna. In 1950, they moved wit