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The brightness distance (DL) and angular distance are distance definitions based on the physical properties of astronomical objects - on a given object's radiation stream and on the physical size of the object. The brightness distance is closely related to the distance of the motion that we can not directly measure, but we can calculate it for the object of redness with, for the given Hubble constant and the components of the universe Ωm0 and Ωλ0 at the moment t0. We can measure the brightness of a specific object using objects called standard candles. The most spectacular success was achieved with the use of supernova type Ia in 1998 (group Saul Perlmutter). The measured brightness distances from the supernovae allowed us to determine the components of the Universe Ωm0 and Ωλ0. Surprisingly, the result of the study was the finding of a non-permanent cosmological constant. The relationship between the brightness, the angular distance and other distances from cosmological scales

Epipotamal is the upper course of a river - river waters usually flow on steep slopes often very quickly, gouging narrow valleys. The power of the flowing water is so great that it spills from the bottom and slopes of the river even large rock blocks. The upper course is characterized by a large drop, high water velocity and intense bottom erosion, thanks to which the trough is deeply cut into the ground. In some cases, an additional mountain course or spring course is formed where the river bed is formed. wiki

Kumarbi - in the Hittite-Hittite mythology "father of the gods". Kumarbie's worship center was the city of Urkis. At first, the ruler of the heavens was Alalu, but he defeated Anu, whose servant was Kumarbi. After ten years of service, Kumarbi opposed Anu. During the fight, when he was jerking his teeth on Anu's loins, he was fertilized and he was born three gods (including Teshuba), who rattled behind Anu after the fight to take over Kumarbi. The defeated Kumarbi fertilized the rock that gave birth to the Ullikummi, a stone man, but of the human form he wanted to use against the new gods. Ullikummi was placed on the shoulder of the giant Upelluri, who, ever etched in his mind, was not aware of anything, and he did not feel as Ullikummi's arm rose rapidly until he reached the sky. The threatened Teshub casts a thunderbolt on Ullikummi and sends storms, but fails, until he is forced to abandon the throne of heaven. Tashmish's brother, Teszuba's brother,

Roman Muzyk (born 28 February 1938 in Kraków, died 24 September 2003) - Polish athlete, Olympian. He was practicing hurdle racing. He started at the 1960 Olympic Games in Rome, running for 110 m hurdles; fell out of the quarterfinals. He was four times champion of Poland: for 110 m hurdles in 1959, 1960 and 1961 and for 200 m hurdles in 1959. Eighteen times he played in the matches of the Polish national team, winning five. It has improved the record of Poland by 110m over hurdles, bringing it up to 14.1 s. Life records: Throughout his entire career he represented the colors of Wisla Krakow. He was a graduate of the Academy of Internal Affairs, working in the Criminal Police. wiki

Biomarkers - measurable changes in the cells of the organism and the biochemical processes involved in them, induced by the absorbed xenobiotics. Biomarkers are specific tags and evidence of absorption of toxins into the body. Based on the analysis of biomarkers present in the body, you can get information: A substance selected as a biomarker for exposure to a given xenobiotic should be easy to isolate from biological material and in analysis, and to quantitatively correlate with the absorbed dose of xenobiotic. Exposure biometers The biomarker analysis of exposures is defined differently by biological monitoring. It consists in testing the concentration of toxic substances or metabolites resulting from its activity in biological material. Knowing the pathway and speed of the metabolism of the substances in the body, it is possible to assess the absorbed dose of xenobiotics and the resulting health risks from the biomarkers analysis. For example, a biomarker of xylene exposure

Wilhelm Mommsen (born January 25, 1892 in Berlin, died May 1, 1966 in Marburg) is a German historian. Grandson of well-known German historian, Nobel Prize winner, Theodor Mommsen, father of Wolfgang and Hans Mommsen. He graduated from the University of Berlin (1922), the title of Master's thesis: Richelieu, Elsaß- und Lothringen. Lecturer at the University of Göttingen, since 1929 professor at the University of Marburg. In 1940 he joined the NSDAP. After the fall of Hitler and forced denerization, he returned to work at the university. His work includes many works related to nineteenth-century political and social movements. In Poland his best-known work is published in 1995 by Bismarck, a biography of the German Chancellor Otto von Bismarck. Authoritative control (person): wiki

Marian Albin Ormaniec (born March 27, 1962 in Gilowice) is a Polish politician, self-governor, entrepreneur, board member and 2008 Deputy Marshal of Silesia. Curriculum vitae He graduated from the University of Agriculture in Cracow. In the 1980s he worked as a zootechnician, then went on business. He ran his own business and also served as President of the Management Board of Beskidzka Towarzystwo Towarowej S.A. (1996-1998) and the Beskid Wholesale Hurtownia S.A. (2002-2006). In the years 2001-2002 he was the vice-governor of Silesia. In 2006 and 2010 he was appointed a councilor of the Silesian Regional Council. In 2006 he was appointed to the board of the voivodship. In January 2008, after the change of the coalition, he was appointed deputy speaker. He was recalled in October of the same year after press releases in which he was accused of nepotism and exploitation of his function. He failed to run for the Sejm in 2001, 2005, 2007 and 2011, to the European Parliament in 2009

St. Miķeļa kapi) - a Roman Catholic cemetery located in Riga, in the former Schreienbusch (łat. Čiekurkalns) at ul. Gaujas 4 near junction with ul. Aizsaules. History The decision on its creation was made on December 21, 1879. On 26 August 1882, a ceremonial dedication of the cemetery took place with the participation of Fr. Karol Marcinkiewicz. The necropolis consists of four squares separated by alleys. In the central part of the main avenue a Gothic chapel of clinker brick was built, which was dedicated on the day of St. The cemetery occupies an area of ​​less than 18 hectares, includes a hilly area planted with trees and bushes. Their last rest in the cemetery was: In the necropolis are two tombs of Poles: the Wielichowski family and the Puzyn family from Kozielska. The first one is in a state of complete ruin, the second one is restored. Bibliography wiki

The fraternity of the Friars of Charity. Rocha (Rochici) - the founder of the community was the Bishop of Vilnius Konstanty Kazimierz Brzostowski (1644-1722), who drafted religious orders for rochit. The congregation was founded in 1713 at the hospital. St. Roch in Vilnius. It has developed in Lithuania and Sweden. In 1753 rochici received a canonical confirmation from Bishop Michal Zienkowicz. Originally, the goal of the rochit was to nurture and plunder the victims of the epidemic - according to a fourth religious wedding ordering them love to save the poor and "infectious air." This was a characteristic religious emblem, depicting the head of a corpse and crossed beneath it, white on a black background. The sign was rochit on black monstrings, worn on gray (later white) hats girded with a black leather belt. The costume was filled with a black cap. In the later period, the Rochicans undertook pastoral work in parishes like the diocesan priests. The community consiste

National road 187 (Bundesstraße 187, B 187) - a German national road that crosses Leipzig from the west to the east of the intersection with B184 in Roßlau in Saxony-Anhalt to the junction with B101 in Brandis in Brandenburg. was elected to the first term of office in the Sosnowiec district. In 1993 he successfully sought re-election. In the second half of the 1990s he was associated with RS AWS. He started his own law firm in Sosnowiec. Elected to the District Chamber of Legal Counsel. Bibliography r of Legal Counsel. Bibliography wiki

Submarine at periscope depth seen from above Periscope depth - the maximum submerged depth of a submarine, where it is possible to observe the surface of the sea with a periscope. Usually it is several meters below the surface. A ship that is at periscope depth is more difficult to detect than an ascent and, in the event of an encounter with an enemy, the ship is able to descend to a safer depth in less time. At the same time, using a periscope, a submarine can easily detect and observe other units. Initially, only a simple periscope was used for observation, with the development of aviation a periscope was introduced for sky observation. At the periscope depth, you can also use a snorkel or air intake device for internal combustion engines. The use of snoring allows the ship to work on internal combustion engines, which in turn increases the speed and the ability to recharge the batteries. Peripheral depth does not correspond to one strictly defined distance from the water surfa

Savage is a family of remotely controlled models manufactured by American Hobby Products International (HPI), first presented in 2001. These are models in the 1: 8 scale with combustion engine. Their construction is based on the frame. They are equipped with a two-stage gearbox and two differentials. Each wheel has two long shocks. The model is powered by a 3.5-5.9 cm internal combustion engine. A modeling fuel consisting of castor oil, nitromethane and other additives is poured into the tank. It can be fired in two ways: with a shovel or electric starter. It is controlled by specialized radio equipment operating in the 27 MHz band. Today there are five Savage models available. These are: wiki

Pierre Blain (died 12 December 1409 in Avignon) is a French cardinal of the great schism of the West. The nomination (with the title of Deacon S. Angelo in Pescheria) was obtained from the "Avinello" Antipope Benedict XIII in 1395. In August 1398 he participated in the rebellion of the Cardinals against Benedict XIII, who refused to make concessions to overcome the schism. He reunited with the anti-Passover in March 1403, but in 1408 he left him again by joining the Obelisk of the Council of Pisa. He participated in the Conciliar Conclave of 1409. He died in Avignon shortly after his death. wiki

Albert Schwartz in April 1947 Albert Friedrich Schwartz (born May 11, 1905 in Schwarzenau, died July 5, 1984 in Ahrensbök) - Nazi criminal, member of the German concentration camps Stutthof and Buchenwald and SS-Hauptsturmführer. Member of the NSDAP and SA since 1930 and the SS since 1931. He ran the camp administration in Stutthof from April 1, 1940 to 1941, and then served as a camp commandant. From October 1942 to April 11, 1945 he was an Arbeitseinsatzführer in Buchenwald. Among other things, he assigned prisoners to the surrounding sub-camps. He exploited their slave-labor in absolute terms and did nothing to improve the horrible conditions in which it was done. After the end of the war, he sat on the bench of a Buchenwald crew (US vs. Josias Prince Zu Waldeck and others) in front of the American Military Tribunal in Dachau and was sentenced to death. Judgment was changed in the act of grace for life. He was released from prison on 14 May 1954. Schwartz later worked in the Fe

Sherman Antitrust Act or Sherman Act - an American law of 1890, adopted after the series of mergers that took place among large American corporations. The Act considered illegal monopolisation of business (any person who would act monopolistically or have secret agreements with another person or persons to monopolize any part of the production or other states would be guilty of an offense). Unlawful agreements or collusion that have acted in a manner restricting business activity (any contract, trust or other relationship and secret agreement to restrict production or trade between states or other states) are also illegal. It was developed by Clayton. wiki

Field after deepening Subsoil cultivator. Depth of cuttings - a cultivation agromeliorative treatment, performed by depths (very heavy cultivators) with a depth of 0.4-0.8 m. The treatment is done to flush excessive kneaded deeper soil layers beyond the reach of traditional farming tools. It is recommended to perform the treatment once a few years on heavy soils, less often on medium and light soils, but with an excessively thickened bed. Excessive densification of soil layers is a limiting factor for yields. Concentration below 0.3 m can be generated by natural processes or by the impact of tractors and tractors. Especially suitable for compaction of deeper layers is the plowing, especially made every year at the same depth, and on the soil too moist. Kneading causes tractor wheels to run along the furrow and plow the plow. This layer can further aggravate excessive wheel slip, excessive inflating or narrow tires, worn blade and badly structured soil. The layer of water retains

Wincenty Kacprzak (born June 15, 1891 in Potajnikach, died July 7, 1947 in Grąblin) - Polish farmer, Member of Parliament for the second term of office in the Second Republic. The son of a farmer Marcin Kacprzak and Antonina from Łykowska; gained basic education. In 1912 he served in the Tsarist army, lived most of his life in Grąblin. In the interwar period, a social activist, among others. member of the Konin County Parliament; He founded a farm circle and was a member of the OSP. In 1928, elected in the constituency No. 15 (Konin) for the second term of office of the Sejm from the list of PSL "Liberation." During World War II, he worked as a wage earner. Double married (second time in 1930); Both of them left the offspring. He was buried in a cemetery in Lichen Stary. Bibliography wiki

Georges Renaud (born 8 January 1893 in Nancy, died July 28, 1975 in Peille) is a French chess player. Chess career In 1923 he won the first individual French championships in Paris. The following year he played in the French team at the Paris Summer Olympics, and in 1927 he represented his country in the first Chess Olympiad, scoring 6 points in 15 games. Together with Victor Kahn (French master of 1934), he published the L'art de faire mat, devoted to chess tactics in 1947. Bibliography wiki

Diagram of blood flow from the death triangle (right side). The angular vein (visible at the root of the nose) connects to the orbital veins, which drain the blood into the cave cavity (cavernous sinus) The triangulum mortis is an anatomical area of ​​the triangular face, the base of which forms the line connecting the corners of the mouth, and the top is the tip of the pyramid of the nose. It contains the upper lip and the pyramid of the nose. This area has a specific venous vein: on the one hand the veins of the nose and upper lip are connected to the vein of the neck through the facial vein, and on the other up through the angular vein and the upper and lower eye veins (see figure) enter the cavernous sinus. cavity skull. Blood flow to the cranial cavity through an angular vein is dangerous in the case of inflammation within this triangle (nasal hypertrophy, upper lip abscess), posing a risk to life-threatening intracranial complications, particularly thrombotic sinusitis. It i

Pizzo Deta, one of the mountains in this mountain range Abruzzo Apennines, Abruzzo (Appennino Abruzzese) - the highest mountain range of the Apennines, extending in central Italy. Their foothills reach into the Adriatic Sea. Monte Corno is the highest peak of the 2914 m high, located in the Gran Sasso d'Italia massif. The Abruzzo Apennine is made of limestone. They are characterized by steep slopes, crossed by deep river valleys (Aterno, Pescara). Visible signs of Pleistocene glaciation are visible. It is an area frequented by tourists. In 1923, the Italian National Park Abruzzo was established. ha. The Abruzzo Apennines are home to a number of winter sports centers, with very good conditions for mountain tourism. Bibliography wiki

Maulaj Hisham (born 1964 in Rabat) is a Moroccan prince from the Alawite dynasty, son of Prince Maulaj Abdullah, the nephew of the present king Muhammad VI. He is currently the third successor to the Moroccan throne, after the son of King Maulai Hassan and brother of King Maulaj Rashid. His mother Lalla Lamiya as-Sulh is the daughter of the first Lebanese Prime Minister Rijad as-Sulha and sister of Princess Mony as-Sulh, former wife of Saudi Prince Talal ibn Abd al-Aziz as-Saud. Maulai Hisham is called "Red Prince" because of his leftist views. Bibliography wiki

Goffredo da Alatri (born ca. 1200 in Alatri - May 1287 in Rome) - Italian Cardinal. Curriculum vitae He came from Alatri and in 1229 became a canon of the local cathedral chapter. Pope Urban IV at the consortium in December 1261 appointed him cardinal Deacon San Giorgio in Velabro. He was a friend of King Charles I of Anselm of Sicily and for many years belonged to his followers in the College of Cardinals. Founded in Alatri church. Stefan. As cardinal-protodist from April 2, 1285, he crowned Pope Honorius IV on May 20, 1285. He has been on the Alatri platform since 1286. He died in Rome following a pestilence in Rome in 1287. Bibliography wiki

Reinholds Bērziņš (1888-1939) - Soviet communist leader of Latvian origin, military commander. Berzin was born in the Bulgarian province of the peasant family. In 1905 he joined SDPRR. During the Russian-German war, the army officer, after the February Revolution, was the chairman of the 40th Corps of the Corps and a member of the Council of Soldier Delegates (RDZ), and a delegate to the 2nd All-Russian Congress of the RDRiZ. In the autumn of 1917 he took command of the Soviet armies of Belarus, and from the end of December 1917 he was at the head of the Minsk Revolutionary Branch (he fought with the 1st Polish Corps). In 1918 he took over the command of the 2nd Army, fighting with the independent Ukrainian (CRU) hetman Skoropadski. In February 1918, he became commander of the Western Front, four months later he was head of the North Rhine Front. From December 1918, inspector of the Soviet army in Latvia. After the end of the Polish-Bolshevik war and the fight against the forces o

Development strategies are called various ways to influence economic growth. The key problem in designing a development strategy is finding a way to break the team of interdependence that creates a vicious circle of underdevelopment and poverty. Types of strategies <1> Liberal strategy (monetarist or orthodox) - it seeks to improve resource allocation by adapting to market mechanisms and the guidance it gives. Its main field of interest is microeconomic issues. He attaches great importance to the private sector and its extreme variants resemble the principles of laissez-faire. Emphasis is placed on monetary and budgetary policy and on financial reforms. Its objectives include: stabilizing the economy, improving resource allocation, good functioning of markets, promoting a high level of saving, ensuring a more efficient use of capital. 2. Open economy strategy - like the liberal strategy, it focuses on the market allocation of resources or on the private sector. Importance is

Final Exit is a Swedish hardcore punk band. They were one of the first hardcore punk bands in Umea. The members of the band represented the straight edge lifestyle. Final Exit was released by Desperate Fight Records and also by Polish label Shing Records. On their website they say they stopped playing because they were: too real to be part of today's fake scene. In 2007, the band reactivated. Dave eXit (David Sandström) was also a drummer Refused. D-Rp (Dennis Lyxzén) was also the vocalist of Refused. discography wiki

Economic deficit - the sum of state budget deficits, self-governments, health care units, special purpose funds and other entities, plus compensation payments for pensioners and budgetary sector employees, and less transfers to the second pillar of social security. This is one of the terms used by the Polish Ministry of Finance to determine the deficit of the public finance sector. Its purpose is to show the final impact of the public finance deficit on the level of economy savings. It is difficult, however, to uniquely define its formula in the form of a formula. Bibliography wiki

Age pyramid of the population (GUS 2007). Visible two demographics. Demographic hypertension - periodic, short-term increase in the number of births occurring after the disappearance of the factor of unfavorable procreation, eg after the war. It is then that the decisions on marrying and having children are postponed. The so-called. post-natal birth compensation, ie a temporary short-term increase in the number of births ("baby boom"). The generation born in this period is far more numerous than other age groups. The pyramid of the sex and age is marked as a bulge. The succession of the tribal generation in reproductive age is another in D. d. (echo boom), as more generations of parents also give more generations of children. In the pyramid of the age and gender of the population of Poland, the characteristic alternating occurrence of low and high groups caused by the First and Second World Wars is noted. This is so called. waving of highs and lows. It has significant impli

Tadeusz Strumff (born April 12, 1933 in Warsaw) - Polish writer, reporter and publicist. He graduated from high school. Stefan Batory (matura 1951). A graduate of Polish Studies (MA 1955). Lecturer in Polish at the Peking University, then at the Peking Institute of Foreign Languages ​​(1955-57). On his return to Poland he worked in the biweekly Contemporary (1958-1971) as head of the reportage department, the editorial secretary - with a break from his stay in Bogatynia, where he worked as a cultural inspector in the Mining and Energy Complex "Turów" (1961-62). After the closing of the Contemporary, he was briefly head of the reportage section of the Literature weekly. From 1972 to 1990 he worked in the journal Trybuna Ludu as head of the reportage department, then reporter and publicist. Since 1990 retired. She lives in Warsaw. Publications He made his debut in 1950 with the poems "Efficient for Work and Defense" and "To a friend Hans's open letter&qu

Diagram of two stages of human embryoogenesis, Rathke's pocket was marked Rathke's pouch - In embryogenesis, the diverticulum of the throat opposite the cheek-pharyngeal membrane. As the embryo grows, the diverticulum loses communication with the throat and produces the frontal lobe of the pituitary gland. The front wall of the pocket proliferates by filling the pocket and forming pars distalis and pars tuberalis of the gland, with the rear part of the pars intermedia. In some organisms (man is the exception) proliferating front wall pockets do not fill it completely, leaving a gap, so called. Rathke's cleft. Craniopharyngioma can develop in the pancreas of the pouch. The name of the structure is commemorated by the German embryologist Martin Heinrich Rathke, who examined it and described it in the first half of the nineteenth century. Bibliography See terms related to medical terms and related wikipedia. wiki

Magdalene Islands Port wyspie Cap-aux-Meules Today the islands are inhabited by 12,824 people, the English speaking population is a small minority. The island economy is largely based on tourism. wiki

Piazza San Marco, view from St. Peter's Basilica. Mark Gondole at the pier by the pier Piazzetta - St. Column Mark Piazzetta San Marco, a Venetian Venue between the coast of Canale di San Marco and St. Mark's Square. Mark. To the right (from the port side), there is the Doge's Palace and the Libreria Sansovinian's Renaissance building, which belongs to the national library of the Biblioteca Nationale Marciana. Jacobs Sansovin's work was completed in 1591. Some of the rooms were made available to visitors. You can see the rooms decorated with stucco and frescoes such as Andrea Palladio, Jacopo Tintoretto, Paolo Veronese and even Titian. To the Libreria Sansoviniana building, adjacent to the coast, adjacent to the mecca of Zecca, also designed by Sansovina. The building was built in the mid 16th century, in place of the previous mint. (Venetians beat their own coins). Piazzetta was an unofficial meeting place for politicians and the spectators of the execution. Fo

The Environmentalist Agrarian Party (PAA) is an Albanian political party founded in 1991. Lu Xhuveli is the leader of the party. The PAA has been a reformist party since 2003, promoting the ideology of the free market in the economic system. In 1997, the party achieved an electoral result of 0.65% which allowed the party to introduce a single member to the parliament. In the 2001 election, the party won 2.6% and introduced three candidates to the parliament, namely Lufter Xhuveli from Zone 125, Ndue Preka from Zone 126 and Refat Dervina from Zone 127. In the 2003 local elections, the PAA formed an election coalition with the Socialist Party of Albania. The PAA Socialist Party won the Socialists in three Albanian municipalities. In the parliamentary elections in 2005, the party received 88,605 (6.5%) of the vote, which allowed the party to put four candidates for parliament. In 1998, Lufter Xhuveli was appointed Minister of Agriculture, but in 2002 he became Minister of the Environ

Natalia Żarska, born Michałkowicz (born March 5, 1906 in Lviv, died February 14, 2001 in Olsztyn) - Polish teacher, Honorary Citizen Olsztyn. She was the daughter of Stefan and Catherine of Samosia's house. She left Lviv with her family in connection with the activities of the First World War. She spent part of the war in Tomaszów Lubelskie, then moved to Włocławek. In Włocławek, she graduated from junior high school and two years of studies in Pedagogy. Wladyslaw Spasowski (1927). She also studied history at the University of Warsaw. However, she did not finish her studies, but she was granted the right to teach history at elementary level. From 1927 she was a teacher of Polish at a general school in Włocławek. At the same time, it was a social activity. In 1938 she moved to Rybnik for a year, but returned to Wloclawek after the outbreak of World War II. In December 1939 she was transferred to Pruszków with her family, where she continued to work as a teacher. At the same time,

Centrifugal pump - Centrifugal centrifugal swirl pump and single or spatial curvature of the blades. The rotor (1) (usually with a horizontal axis of rotation) is located in the spiral body (2). Liquid feed (3) is axial and radial drain (4). The flow of liquid through the rotor is radial. Centrifugal pump Centrifugal pumps are the most commonly used pumps. The lifting capacity of these pumps is up to 150 m. Depending on the size of the rotor, they range from a few centimeters per minute for miniature pumps up to 7,000 m³ per hour in industrial installations. With multi-stage pumps, lifting heights up to several kilometers can be achieved, which allows the use of such pumps in dewatering plants or pumping oil where the pumps are positioned at the bottom of the wells. Also, the rotor construction and the material from which it is made may vary. Miniature pumps are made entirely of plastic. Pumps for slurry, slurry or aggressive liquids are usually fitted with rubber rotors. The en

Ammonius of Alexandria, also Ammon, Ammonios, Ammun, gr. Ἀμμώνιος, (3rd century) - Christian philosopher and theologian. He lived in Alexandria today with Origen, who was probably a pupil. Eusebius of Caesarea is mentioned in the History of the Ecclesiastic, as well as Jerome in De Viris Illustribus, where he is mistakenly identified with Ammonius Sakkas, neoplatonic, also from Alexandria. He wrote, among other things, the work of Jesus' agreement with Moses, in which he most likely portrays the unity of the Old and New Testaments, negated by a large part of the Gnostic sects. Until the nineteenth century, he was considered the author of Diatessarion and the author of dividing the text of the four Gospels into 1165 periphery, referred to as the "Ammonius section", to show the similarities and differences between the Gospels: 355 for the Gospel of Matthew, 235 for the Gospel of Mark, 343 for Gospel of Luke and the Gospel of John. Today, this is usually questioned, and d

Bernardino Drovetti Bernardino Drovetti (born 4 January 1776, died 1852) is an Italian diplomat, politician and art collector. He accepted French citizenship and took part in Napoleon's expedition to Egypt. He became a French consul in Egypt, where he became friends with Mohammed Alim. With this knowledge he accumulated three huge collections of Egyptian monuments, which he intended to sell to Louis XVIII. The King of France did not accept the proposal. The first coincidence was sold to King Sardinia and Piedmont, who donated the entire wing of the Palace of the Academy of Sciences in Turin. The French decided to go to the second collection and it hit the Louvre. The third was purchased by Berlin Authoritative control (person): wiki

"Bothy Line" - a line between the Polish and Ukrainian fighting forces in Eastern Galicia proposed in April 1919 by the Polish-Ukrainian truce commission appointed by the Allied Council. At the head of the commission was the South African General Ludwik Botha. The name line was "S" and left on the Polish side of the Lviv, and on the Ukrainian side Zaglebie Boryslav. The representatives of the Headquarters of the Ukrainian Halic army agreed to this line, and Roman Dmowski, the Polish representative at a peace conference in Paris, rejected it. Later, the Bothy line was used to interpret the southern part of the so-called. Curzon Line. Bibliography wiki

Directive 2000/60 / EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2000 establishing a framework for Community action in the field of water policy (Water Framework Directive, WFD) - Directive 2000/60 / EC laying down and coordinating existing European water legislation, It is designed to protect water from pollution at its source. The main objective of the Water Framework Directive is to achieve good water status, ie at least good ecological status and good chemical status by 2015. The waters covered by the WFD are inland waterways, including groundwater, and transient waters and coastal waters. To this end, the WFD establishes a basin management system, independent of the administrative division of the Member States, as well as in the case of cross-border catchments, requires co-operation between neighboring states. According to the WFD, active participation of all interested parties is required for proper water management. The Directive provides for the reduction

Saccocoma - the extinct type of free-flowering lilies (Crinoidea) living in Jurassic and Cretaceous. They floated freely in water (nekton). They had 5 doubly separated arms. The size of Saccocoma is about 5 cm. Most often found in the upper jury (kimeryd, tobacco) of Germany. Also common in the Tatra Mountains, including the Polish part of these mountains, eg at the summit of Giewont, where the remains of the Saccocoma form crater lime. They are also in the Alps. Most Saccocoma lilacs behave in the form of completely disconnected skeletons, but they are well known for their highly scientific and collectible skeletons, such as the late Jurassic pieces from Solnhofen. The fossils of various Saccocom species have some significance in dating rocks and are ancillary fossils for the late jury. Species: Bibliography wiki

Liquidity trap - a term introduced by D. H. Robertson describing the situation when everyone strives to have cash and no one buys securities (infinite demand for money). It occurs at such a low, critical rate at which it is not expected to fall further. In general, it is expected to increase and thus fall in market prices of bonds. This, in turn, favors keeping money at the highest level. It is not profitable to maintain income in the form of bonds, as losses are expected to fall due to their market value. This situation is characterized by the disappearance of the central bank's influence on the level of investment and consumer demand. Increasing the central bank's money supply does not result in a lower interest rate, but rather a thesis of surplus money by business entities. The only way to increase investment and private sector production is to increase budget spending, which directly triggers multiplier processes. The liquidity trap is one of the reasons for the asymmet

Wilhelm Karl Ferdinand Schubert (born 1917, d. 2006) is a Nazi criminal, SS-Oberscharführer, member of the Sachsenhausen Concentration Camp. Between 1938 and 1942, he served in the Sachsenhausen camp where he was one of the most cruel SS guards. Schubert committed a number of crimes, including mass killings (such as the extermination of more than 10,000 Soviet prisoners of war), as well as individual murders on prisoners. In addition, he tortured them and constantly abused in other ways. At the end of the war, he was captured by the British army and sent to the Soviet authorities for prosecution. In the process of the Sachsenhausen crew before the Soviet Military Tribunal in Berlin, Schubert was convicted of crimes for life-long freedom combined with heavy robbery. He was released from the Soviet prison in 1956 by the amnesty resulting from Khrushchev's agreement with Adenauer. He was sent to Westphalia, but was soon arrested by West German authorities. On October 13, 1958, h

Bronisław Pietruszkiewicz (born July 1, 1939 in Vilnius, Poland, October 24, 2007) - Polish artist specializing in painting and graphic design. In 1956 he graduated from Vilnius High School, and in 1960 studied in Szczecin. In the years 1960-1962 he worked as a teacher in secondary schools in Szczecin and Kamień Pomorski. Then he studied at the Faculty of Fine Arts at the Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, studied painting under the supervision of Stanisław Borysowski. He graduated in 1967 and took up a job at the university. In 1976, he graduated from the Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw with a qualification contract for his post of assistant professor, and in 1990 he became a docent. He headed the Ikonosphere Department at the Art Institute of the Faculty of Fine Arts at UMK. In the years 1995-1999 he also worked at the Faculty of Artistic Education of the Higher School of Pedagogy in Olsztyn. His activity was focused on the use of unconventional techniques and materials (

John Furey (born April 13, 1951) is an American film and television actor, best known for his stage debut on Friday, September 13, 1981, in which he co-starred with Steve Miner. Furey has also appeared in numerous television projects ranging from soap operas such as All My Children by Cops and the Prosecutor or JAG - Military Investigative Bureau, to popular sitcoms such as Cheer. Husband of actress Denise Galik (since 1991). In 2009, he starred in the documentary His Name Was Jason: 30 Years of Friday the 13th, made on the occasion of the 30th anniversary of the first film of the series Friday, the thirteenth. A similar role was repeated in the Crystal Lake Memories: The Complete History of Friday the 13th (2013). wiki

Photos from the satellite Aira (Japanese: 姶 良 カ ル デ ラ, Aira-karudera) is a longitudinal caldera of the super-volcano in the south of Kyushu Island (in the Kagoshima Bay), measuring 17x23 km. It was created during the eruption of 22 thousand. years ago. The explosion had a VEI-7 force, throwing 110 km³ of pyroclastic material into the air, which reached a distance of about 1,000 km. In the interior of the caldera there is an active Sakurajima volcano, created 13,000. years ago. wiki

Bogdan Wnętrzewski (born December 2, 1919 in Kielce, died September 11, 2007) is a Polish architect, one of the first prisoners of the Auschwitz Concentration camp in Germany (camp number 40). He graduated from the grammar school in Przemysl and the State School of Building in Jarosław, where he graduated in 1938, then went to study at the Lviv Polytechnic, which he did not start due to the outbreak of war in September 1939. Arrested on May 7, 1940 in Radymno near Jarosław by the Gestapo and the Ukrainians, he was initially detained in Tarnów prison, and on June 14 of that year he was deported with the first transport of prisoners to the Auschwitz-Birkenau death camp. He received the No. 40 in the camp. He worked in the SS camp kitchen. In December 1944, he was transported to KL Dachau concentration camp, where he received camp number 134428. A slaughterhouse worker. After the liberation of the camp, the Americans returned to Poland. Graduate of the Faculty of Architecture at the

Krzysztof Horodecki (born December 7, 1953 in Stargard Szczeciński) - Polish politician, businessman, senator of the second term. Curriculum vitae He graduated from the Faculty of Civil Engineering at Poznan University of Technology. He worked initially in the Project Office "Inwestprojekt", then as head of the department in the Pilot Engineering Company in Chodzież. In 1983 he founded a private design company (transformed into Ekolog Holding S.A.) in Pila. Since 1992 he headed the Pilsen Chamber of Commerce. From 1991 to 1993 he was the mandate of the second term senator from the Pilsen Region. He was elected as an independent candidate, during his term of office he joined the parliamentary club of the Democratic Union. In the years 1998-2001 he was a councilor of the Wielkopolska Sejm of the Union of Freedom. Since 2001 he has been associated with the Civic Platform. wiki

Mercedes Trujillo Callealta during the concert. Mercedes Trujillo Callealta. Merche (born June 14, 1974 in Cadiz) is a Spanish pop singer. Up until now, she has released four albums: Mi Sueño (released in 2002 by Vale Music Spain, 100 000 copies sold), Auténtica (released in 2004 by Vale Music Spain) and Necesito Libertad (released in 2005). Vale Music Spain; 160 000 sold copies) and Cal y Arena (released in 2007 by Vale Music Spain). On October 5, 2010, she will release her fifth album, Acordes de Mi Diario. The first single promoting the album is Si Te Marchas. wiki

Kamila Gradus-Kaczmarska (born 19 March 1967 in Warsaw) is a Polish athlete, marathon runner. She represented the colors of the Warsaw Legion. She twice competed in the athletics world championships, both times in the marathon. In Tokyo (1991) she was 6th. and Stuttgart (1993) was the ninth. She also appeared at the 1995 World Championships in Belfort, taking 12th place. She participated in the Atlanta Olympics in 1996, but did not finish the Marathon. She won the prestigious Marathon in Nagoya in 1993 and 1995. She won the Polish Marathon in 1992. Other life records: wiki

Palmeta in the plant-style decoration of the prince's tomb in Waldalgesheim Latex style - a Celtic art style developing from the end of the 6th century BC. until the first century BC. The name is related to the Swiss village of La Tène, where the remains of the Celtic camp were discovered. The latex style is divided into: Decorations in the late twentieth century were used in craft products used to decorate costumes, weapons, vessels and sculptures. This style survived the longest in the British Isles. wiki

Computer engineering (also called electronic and computer engineering) is a field of engineering knowledge that combines electronic engineering and computer science. Computer engineers are engineers with knowledge of electronics and software engineering as well as hardware and software integration. Microelectronics and physics are not of particular interest to them. Computer engineers are involved in many aspects of computer science, from the design of individual electronic circuits and processors to personal computers and supercomputers. Specialist in this field Integration of embedded systems with other devices and machines, especially robotics. Authoritative control (scientific discipline): wiki

Konstantin D. Kawielin Konstantin Kawielin (Russian: Константин Дмитриевич Кавелин, born 4 November 1818, died May 5, 1885) is a Russian historian, lawyer, and sociologist, sometimes referred to as the principal architect of early Russian liberalism. He graduated from Moscow State University. In 1857-1861 he was a professor at the University of St. Petersburg. In the 40s of the 19th century he was closely associated with Granowski and Herzen and shared the views of the so- "Zapadników." In the late 1950s he approached the Slavophiles. In the years 1860-1880 he acted against materialism in psychology and ethics. Under Hegel's influence, he described the history of Russia as a process of gradual degradation of the ruling communities and their replacement by the legal-state order. Selected publications wiki

Fazael I (born 77 p.n., 40 p.n.) is Herod the Great's brother. He was the eldest son of Antypatra, the governor of Idumea, and Kypros I; the brother of Herod the Great, Joseph II and Feroras. At 47 p.n. became a strategist of Jerusalem and its surroundings. He contributed to unravel the Malichos conspiracy. At 41 p.n.e. Phazael and Herod were nominated by Mark Antony as tetrarchs. Deceptively arrested by the Parthians, he was handed over to King Judea Antigone. In one version he committed suicide, according to another failed suicide attempt. He had the son of Fazel II. Bibliography wiki

Council on Foreign Relations (CFR) is an American independent non-profit political organization founded in New York in 1921. It deals with broadly understood issues related to international politics and the place and role of the United States in the international arena. The organization has its own think tank known as The David Rockefeller Studies Program. One of the founders and first chairman of the organization was Paul Warburg, the head of the US branch of I. G. Farben. Council on Foreign Relations is the publisher of the bimonthly "Foreign Affairs". wiki

Daniel Glazman (born 1967) is a French programmer, best known for his work on Mozilla Composer, the Mozilla editor. Graduate of the Paris École Polytechnique (1989) and the École Nationale Supérieure des Télécommunications de Paris (1991). He started working for Grif SA, which produces SGML editors. In the years 1994-2000 he worked in the research center Electricité de France, then briefly for Amazon.fr and Halogen, finally joined Netscape Communications Corporation, working on the implementation of CSS styles. He has also been involved in HTML 4 and CSS 2 standardization work, and continues to be a member of the CSS Working Group at the World Wide Web Consortium. Currently runs his own Disruptive Innovations company, working on Linspire's HTML Nvu editor. Authoritative control (person): wiki

Thalamic syndrome (Thalamic syndrome, Déjerine-Roussy syndrome) is a neurological syndrome associated with a disease that damages the structure of the hills. The most common cause of damage to the hills are vascular or ischemic stroke in the basin of the thalamostriat artery or thalamogaeniculata artery. The clinical picture of the team consists of: Ludwig Edinger described the pain in 1891. The team accurately described Joseph Jules Dejerine and Gustave Roussy in 1906. Bibliography See terms related to medical terms and related wikipedia. wiki

Menelaus (Latin Menelaus, Latin Menelaus) - in Greek mythology King Sparty and a participant in the Trojan War; one of the heroes; hero of Homer's Iliad. After recovering from the city, Helena returned to Sparta with her. Menelaos was under the protection of the goddess of wisdom and weapons - Athens. He lived long with Helena, who after his death was banished from the city. Helena has forgotten infidelity The title character (along with Odysseus, or Ulisess) of Jan Kochanowski's play Dismissal of Greek Deputies. Authoritative control (person): wiki

Short-term financial assets - in accordance with the Accounting Act, are current assets payable and due or to be disposed of within 12 months of the balance sheet date or from the date of their issue, issue or purchase. Short-term financial assets are cash assets (eg cash in hand or in a bank account), equity instruments issued by other entities (eg shares or shares), and contractual rights to receive cash assets (eg loans granted ) or exchange financial instruments with another entity on favorable terms (eg forward contract). wiki

The Anti-Solidarity Organization (OAS) - a special security operation operation group established in 1984 to fight the political underground operating in Toruń. It disintegrated the underground environment of Solidarity, using a number of operational methods for this purpose. Disinformation, assuming his independence from the communist authorities, organized numerous provocations, also kidnapped and tortured activists of the solidarity underground (so-called Toruń abduction). Her bosses were successively captained by SB: Henryk Misz and Roman Zielenkiewicz. Wiesław Miros, Bogdan Bogalecki, Marek Kuczkowski, Roman Jarzyński, Jerzy Jedkie, Zbigniew Makulski, Cyryl Wolski, Bogdan Wandachowicz, Ryszard Górny, Marek Górny, Bronisław Stanaszek, Stefan Pokwicki. In the 1991 trial, some members of the group were sentenced to multiple years of imprisonment. The process lasted 33 days. wiki

Symposium of European sculptors Margarethen (Austria) 1964 Olgierd Jan Truszyński (born December 6, 1931 in Poznan) - Polish sculptor. He graduated from the Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw and was a student of Basil Wojtowicz. He lectured at the Institute of Fine Arts in Conakry. Since 1987 he has worked at the State Higher School of Fine Arts in Poznań. He created sculptures such as "Circus", "Women", "Brama". Participated in the European sculptors' symposium in St. Petersburg. Margarethen (Austria) in 1964. Bibliography wiki

Open-air museum of the Pogórzez village. prof. Romana Reinfuss in Szymbark - branch of the Museum of Divisional Horse and Gładysz in Gorlice, 1976 - 2007 Center of Folk Construction in Szymbark - branch of the Regional Museum in Nowy Sacz. Skansen is located in the center of Szymbark village, near the school and the parish church, on the route Nowy Sacz - Gorlice. History In 1962, the Provincial Conservator of Monuments in Rzeszow, MA Jerzy Tur, took the initiative to organize a sycamore museum. It was planned to create a small open-air museum showing the rural construction of the nearest area. The location of individual objects is in line with the 1986 edition (final version) by Ryszard Brykowski and Ing. Wojciech Jankowski Architects "Spatial Development Concept of the Folk Construction Center in Szymbark" harvest The main part of the exhibition is a small open-air museum (approx. 2 hectares). All are typical examples of traditional rural construction in the Gorlice fo

Wiesław Dembski (born 1933 in Ciechocinek, died 01.07.2017 in Ciechocinek) - Polish graphic artist, painter, professor at Gdansk PWSSP. Curriculum vitae Studied at the State Higher School of Fine Arts in Gdańsk (now: Academy of Fine Arts in Gdańsk), diploma in the Studio of Painting, prof. Krystyna Łady-Studnicka in 1958. The title of professor was obtained in 1996 in Gdańsk PWSSP. He worked at the university until 2002, as the manager of the Workshop Graphics Workshop. He was the initiator of exhibitions. International Print Workshop "Mezzotinta" in 1984. From 1977 to 1995 he was the Experimental Graphic Studio of ZPAP "Oficyna". wiki

Dhatukatha (pāli: dhātukathā): is a Buddhist text, part of the Canon of Theravada Buddhist Pali Canon. It is contained in the Abhidhamma Pitaka (pāli: abhidhammapiţaka; sans. Abhidharmapiţaka). English translation Dhatukathy Discourse on Elements, crowd. U Narada, 1962, Pali Text Society [1], Bristol Dhatukatha content This book links the ideas of the two previous books of Abhidhamma: Dhammasangani and Vibhanga. It is written in the form of questions and answers, grouped in 14 chapters, based on the form of these questions. The first chapter asks about each of the things discussed in the text as follows: "How many clusters, bases and elements does this matter". In the later chapters the questions become more complex, eg "How many clusters etc. are not engaged dhammas that are not involved in the dhamma involved in the given thing?" wiki

Plakat Henriego Toulouse-Lautreca (1895/6) Kankan, cancan - French dance from the second half of the nineteenth century, the origin of uncertain. According to one of the hypotheses he developed from a cadre, according to another he was originally a caricature of Negro dances, there is also the assumption that brought back from France by Algiers soldiers. He is accompanied by music very fast, in the rhythm of the gallop, in the 2/4 meter. Following a rapid career in France, at the end of the nineteenth century, the kankan spread rapidly also in other countries. Jacques Offenbach introduced him to his operettas (including Orpheus in hell). Kankan was created by young brides / grooms who wore their dresses and danced in the cities for entertainment and "get-togethers"; His popularity was established by the Parisian variétés. The acrobatic figures, such as the twist, the star, the throw of the straight leg, are characteristic for this dance. Initially, it raised the morale of

Józef Henryk Krekora (born 1947, d. 2008) is a Polish entrepreneur, steelwork engineer, president of the Huta Ostrowiec and Starachowice Special Economic Zone, as well as chairman of the Supervisory Board of OST - Press Sp. z oo, which publishes, among others, "Gazeta Ostrowiecka". He was the honorary president of the sports club KSZO S.S.A. Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski. A member of the Business Center Club. Life and activities He graduated from Secondary School. Joachim Chreptowicz in Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski, graduate of the Cracow University of Mining and Metallurgy. Stanisław Staszic. He was one of the 11 founding members of the Academy of Economic and Industrial Metallurgy and a long-time member of his board. In the local elections to the Sejmik of the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship in 2006, he was the candidate of the Electoral Committee of the Electoral Committee of W. Lubawski, winning 426 votes. Director of Telesto Factory in Suchedniów. He died after knee surgery, injured

Ship "Freya" - visible openwork tambors in the body of the superstructure in the midship Tambor - a cover of the upper side (overhanging water surface) of the side vane wheels on side-by-side ships. The tambers were mainly intended to protect the paddles from damage when the ship was in contact with the ship's side or another object. Tambours were sometimes elaborately decorated, especially on cruise ships, and the name of the ship was often painted on them (especially on American ships). In parts of river vessels the tamboros were built into the superstructure. wiki

Paul Habraschka (born November 6, 1897 in Rozbarku, died September 12, 1969 in Hildesheim) - Silesian mining poet and humorist. He was born in a mining family - his father worked in the Heinitz mine in Bytom. Young Paul, at the age of 14, started work at the Karsten-Zentrum mine as a miner of the profession. During World War I served on the western front, where in 1916 he was seriously wounded. After recovering he continued to work in the mine and in 1924 suffered a serious accident - he was covered with coal for several hours. After this experience Habraschka came up with the idea of ​​describing the hardships of the mining life of both his and his colleagues. Short stories and poems were first created - he debuted in the Der Oberschlesischer Wanderer. In 1930 he published the first collection of poems - "In der Tiefe" and "Der Bergmanns Feierschicht" (1932) and "Nach der Schicht" (1935). In 1940, two novels - "Klenkohle" and sensational &q

Jan Zdzisław Popowicz (born 5 January 1948 in Rzeszów) is a Polish archer, Olympian from Montreal, judge and sports activist. The son of Zdzisław and Stefania (from d. Brewczyńska). In the years 1961-1991 he belonged to the Resovia sports club. His trainers were Antoni Gromski and Katarzyna Wiśniowska. For 24 years he participated in the Polish Championship (1967-1991). In 1968 he graduated from the Building Technikum in Rzeszow. He was honored with the title of Sports Champion. the Bronze Medal for Outstanding Sports Achievements and the Bronze Cross of Merit. He has a wife, Halina and daughter Justine (born 1974). He currently lives in Rzeszow. Sport achievements Bibliography wiki

Ewald Wlotzka (born October 14, 1909, died November 12, 1948) is a Nazi criminal, member of the Mauthausen-Gusen concentration camp and SS-Unterscharführer. Member of SS from 1931 (ID No: 40471) and NSDAP since 1932. In 1940 he began service in Mauthausen. Initially, Wlotzka, until 1942, was a member of the guard company. Then in 1942 he was transferred to the camp administration and appointed as assistant to the head of the food store. In 1943 he was the head of this magazine and this function was held until the liberation of Mauthausen by American troops. His main duties included distributing food among prisoners. Wlodek had a lot of crimes committed in the camp on his conscience. He participated in executions and abused prisoners at every turn. Ewald Wlotzka was tried in the twelfth trial of the Mauthausen-Gusen crew in front of the American Military Tribunal in Dachau. He was sentenced to death for hanging. Judgment was made on 12 November 1948 in Landsberg prison. Bibliograp

Theodicius - Prince Spoleto in the years 763-773. He was involved in the expulsion of Rome's anti-persecution of Constantine II in 768, and in 772 he was one of the deputies of the King of the Deborahs to the pope of Hadrian in order to restore the old friendly relations between Pavia and Rome. Although it is often claimed that he was killed during the siege of Pavia in 774, he still lived when 9 June 776 Charles the Great confirmed the property of the Farf monastery during the reign of his successor Hildeprand. Bibliography wiki

Bohuslav Balbín Bohuslav Balbinus (born December 3, 1621 in Hradec Králové, died November 28, 1688 in Prague) is a Czech writer, historian, educator, Jesuit. He was the author of many historical and touring works. He was a defender of the Czech language and a great Czech patriot against Germanization. His greatest work is Miscellanea historica regni Bohemiae (Diverse History of the Kingdom of Bohemia) and Dissertatio apologetica pro linqua Slavonica praecipue Bohemica (Defense of Slavonic, Czech in particular). To write them over for years, he collected information from archives and old libraries. Much merit for the initiative to write this work is also attributed to the Polish Jesuit Mikolaj Łęczycka as a person who influenced Balbina and encouraged him to work on this issue. Artworks examination Mellisaeum Authoritative control (person): wiki

Statolatry (with statue and Latin latrine - worship of divine) - worship of a centralized state and all-powerful state authority. The first term was used by Giovanni Gentile in the Doctrine of Fascism published in 1931, signed by Mussolini. The term was popularized and explained by Ludwig von Mises in his 1944 work Omnipotent Government. In the ideology of Italian fascism, the statolatria was supposed to be a pararelian cult of the state, which aimed at unifying Italian Catholicism and respect for the Fascist regime. wiki

RTECS contains information on irritation, mutagenic effects, effects on offspring, carcinogenicity, acute toxicity, chronic toxicity. LD50, LC50, TDLo, TCLo and animal studies are available in the scientific literature. Each substance has a unique registry number assigned to it. The database was created in 1970 on the basis of the US Occupational Safety and Health Act. Until 2001 the database was maintained by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and was free. In 2001, the Elsevier MDL private equity firm took over and became a paid company. The current base is managed by Accelrys and is available by subscription in English, French and Spanish. In 2011, the data included ca. and about 2 thousand. entries. wiki

c-Fos - cell protooncogen, belonging to the genes of early cellular response. It encodes the FOS transcription factor, which, like the other Fos-FosB, Fra-1 and Fra-2 proteins, contains a leucine slider motif that allows them to form with the Jun family of proteins, as well as Maf, Nrl, and ATF, heterodimers functioning as nuclear Transcriptional factor AP-1 (activator protein-1). Transcription of the c-phosal gene increases with various stress factors (UV radiation, oxidative stress, heavy metals). The human c-Fos gene is located on chromosome 14 (14q24.3), has a length of about 4,000 pairs and contains three introns. It is a V-homologue of the FBJ mouse osteosarcoma virus. Fos in the OMIM database wiki

Portrait of Robert Burns by Alexander Nashmith (1787) Edinburgh Castle by Alexander Nashmith (1780) Alexander Nasmyth (born 9 September 1758 in Edinburgh, died April 10, 1840) is a Scottish portraitist and painter. Studied in the studio of Alexander Runciman and Allan Ramsey. Portrait of Robert Burns (1787), located in the Scottish National Gallery. His first son Patrick Nasmyth was also a Scottish portrait painter, while his second son James Nasmyth was an English astronomer and engineer. Authoritative control (person): wiki

Virgin Media Inc. - a company providing fixed and mobile telephony, television and broadband Internet to both retail and business customers in the UK. The corporate office is located in New York, and is headquartered in Hook, in the United Kingdom. Virgin Media owns and operates its own fiber optic network, being the only national provider of this type in the United Kingdom. As of December 31, 2010, the company had 4.8 million cable customers, 3.78 million of them used television, 4.01 million of the broadband Internet, about 4.16 million of fixed line and about 3.07 million with mobile. History The company was formed as a result of two mergers: in March 2006, through the merger of NTL and Telewest, which created NTL: Telewest, and later merged the company with Virgin Mobile UK. In December 2005, after the merger of two UK's largest cable providers, NTL and Telewest, the company announced the launch of talks with Virgin Mobile UK on the merger of both companies. Virgin Mobile

Angular resolution - describes the resolution of any device that creates an image, such as an optical telescope, a telescope, a microscope, a camera lens, or a human eye. More specifically, it is the ability of such an instrument to distinguish the angular separation of the points of the object being viewed. Resolution alone means that in science the precision with which the instrument measures and records data about the sample being tested. The resolution of the optical lens is ultimately limited by the phenomenon of diffraction. This boundary is expressed by the so-called. Rayleigh's criterion discovered by Lord Rayleigh: without ⁡ θ = 1 , 220 & # x03BB; D {\displaystyle \sin \theta =1,220{\frac {\lambda }{D}}} where: θ {\displaystyle \theta } - resolution, & # x03BB; {\displaystyle \lambda } - wavelength of light, D {\displaystyle D} - the diameter of the lens aperture. wiki

Ludomir Dymitrowicz Ludomir Franciszek Dymitrowicz (born 1844, died 1923) - a cartoonist, artistic director of the studios at the Museum of Crafts in Warsaw. He tried to raise the artistic work of artisans by their proper education. The creator of paintings depicting the interiors of palaces and churches known in Warsaw. In 1896, he published an album of his views. "Memorial from Jasna Gora in Czestochowa". He created illustrations for "Kłosów" and "Tygodnik Ilustrowany". Participant of the January Uprising. Awarded the Cross of Valor. Bibliography wiki

IS-95B (Interim Standard - 95B) - The radio standard used in mobile telephony published by the Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA). The IS-95B is based on the earlier IS-95A standard, and also provides CDMA-based packet data transmission at 64 kbps. This standard is used in cdmaOne networks. Networks based on this standard have a built-in radio network that is included in 2.5G systems. The first cdmaOne network based on the IS-95B standard was built in 1999 in South Korea. Bibliography wiki

The first principles (the first principles of Being and thought, the highest laws of thought and cognition) - in logic and traditional metaphysics, the set of logical laws, which were thought to be the most obvious of all possible theorems, are independent of other statements (do not give to derive from any other logical law) and constitute the ultimate justification for all the laws of logic. They included the principle of identity, the principle of contradiction and the principle of the excluded measure. The dictum de omni et nullo and the principle of rationality were also often included in them. Most of these laws formulated (not always in mature and full form) Aristotle, who - although convinced of their particular importance - did not separate them together as "first principles." This was done only by medieval logic, from which the conviction of the existence of the "first principles" went back to the modern logic. Modern logic rejects the notion of "f

"Breiz Atao", "Breizh Atao" ("Brittany for Always") - a Breton nationalist magazine published in the period between the wars in Brittany. The magazine was founded at the turn of 1918/1919 by a group of Breton activists fascinated by the Irish struggle for independence, initiated by the Easter Rising in Dublin in 1916. These included Camille Le Mercier d'Erm, Job Loyant, Morvan Marchal and Job de Roincé. They founded the Breton Regional Group led by Job Breiz. The young intellectuals of Breton, Yann Bricler, Olier Mordrel and François Debauvais soon joined them, who later took over the role. The first issue of "Breiz Atao" came out in January 1919. Initially, the magazine featured primarily the cultural aspects of Brittany, but soon became a forum for Brethren's separatist activists. Adopt a panoply ideology. The editorial office organized a congress in September 1927 in Rosporden, where the creation of the Breton Autonomous Communities

James Martin Kudelka (born September 24, 1974 in Dallas) is an American choreographer best known for collaborating with pop stars Justin Timberlake, Janet Jackson and NSYNC. The Polish audience has come to know you as an additional juror in the You Can Dance program - Just Dance. Marty Kudelka began dancing at the age of 8 years after breakdancing. At the age of 16 he continued his development by dancing freestyle in clubs. His hip-hop career began by teaching dance in various dance schools in Texas. He has also performed in various dance talent search programs, proving his gift to dance. His experience as a choreographer and dance teacher made him "Marty" at the age of 20 opened his dance school. With his talent, his school, over the past 4 years, has become the most prestigious dance school and he is the most popular instructor in Dallas. In June 1999, Marty left for Los Angeles with $ 1,200 in his pocket and planned to stay there for 2 months. Despite this plan, Kudelka

Outer layer - material surface and subsurface area whose properties differ from deeper layers (ie, core). In Poland it is defined by the norm (PN-87 / M-04250). Metallurgy The differences in properties between the top and the core are naturally created during the manufacturing and operation of the element and can be artificially generated to obtain specific surface features of the element. The desired features of the surface layer are achieved during operations such as lapping or polishing (lowering roughness) or carburizing or hammering (hardening). The surface layer should not be confused with the coating, ie with a layer of other material applied to the surface of the element. wiki

EBIB - Electronic Library - librarian and information worker portal - a website designed for people working in libraries or information centers, students and librarians and interested in library science. Since 1999, it has been created by volunteer librarians from all over the country from various libraries of both the National and Academic libraries, public and other. Within the framework of the portal many information services (law, work, conferences, magazines, catalogs, etc.), professional journals or publications sections were created. The platform is popular with librarians and over 50% of librarians are active. Between 2001 and 2010 EBIB acted in the structure of the Association of Polish Librarians as the Commission for Electronic Publishers. In 2010 the team decided to return to self-employment for this purpose. He established the EBIB Association, which aims to create a website and a magazine for librarians. In addition to organizational changes, the portal has acquired

Echetlos (Ἔχετλος) - a mysterious Attic heroine associated with the Battle of the Marathon. The story of Echetlos was given by Pausanias. I 15.4, 32.4]. The inhabitants of the Marathon were worshiped as heroes not only of his heroine-eponim Maraton, but also of all those killed in the battle with the Persians. Besides, they worshiped Echetlos, whom they told Pausanians. Echetlos appeared during the battle in a peasant's outfit. No one among the fighters knew him. He killed many Persians with his plow, and after the battle he disappeared without a word. Amazed, the Athenians turned to the oracle, asking who the figure was. The Oracle does not reply. She recommended, however, the cult of heros Echetlajos (from ἐχέτλη - "seed of the plow"). Echetlos has been portrayed as one of the central characters in one of the paintings in The Stooges, depicting the Battle of the Marathon. This painting was given by Pausanias. 15.4], and Herodotus [Herod. VI 114]. Robert Brown

Doreen Edith Dominy Vlachopoulos Valiente (born January 4, 1922 in Mitcham, South London, September 1, 1999 in Brighton) is an English-born member of the early-caliber couturier run by Gerald Gardner. Curriculum vitae Born as Doreen Domina, a daughter of Christian parents, she was convinced since her youth that she had magical power. Valiente was the name of her second husband, whom she married in 1944. Wicca Shortly after Gardner published his impressions of the initiation of witchcraft, Valiente joined him (in 1952) and began collaborating on the ritual. Valiente became High Priest of Gardner in 1953 and wrote a series of poems to be used by Wikkan; She also helped formulate the Victorian Council (Old Wiccan Rede). However, the growing desire to publicize at Gardner caused a conflict with Valiente. When she tried to control him, he unexpectedly issued the Wiccan Laws in 1957. She could not accept them and disconnected from Gardner's cage to establish her own. Eventually, after

Setting - work place on duty It sets the older type, the movement is controlled by the block camera Traffic Supervisor - a qualified railway worker whose primary responsibility is to operate at the station and adjacent routes. The remaining tasks of the traffic controller are: Traffic managers at the station on duty, so-called. The staff member may be assisted by additional staff, including: on-duty auxiliary traffic, on-call maneuvering and on-the-spot traffic. The work place of the traffic supervisor is usually adjustable. Bibliography Authoritative control (profession): wiki

Foreign arm syndrome, anarchic hand syndrome, dr. Strangely, one of his hands does not belong to him. symptoms Patogeneza Foreign arm syndrome usually causes damage to the right cerebral hemisphere (mainly parietal areas). Probably in these areas is a kind of filter that sets a clear boundary between the space of one's own body and the outer space. Damage to these areas causes the blurring of the boundary between personal and non-personal space, as a result of which part of one's own body may be treated as part of the outer space. Bibliography See terms related to medical terms and related wikipedia. wiki

OpenSound Control (OSC) is a communications protocol that enables music instruments, including synthesizers, computers, and other multimedia devices, to exchange data in real time. The transmission medium can be either a CAT5 network cable, USB or Firewire. The OSC was presented in 1997 at the International Computer Music Conference (ICMC). OSC aims to replace the MIDI standard that was implemented after 1983 and is considered inappropriate for contemporary media tasks. Because it is a network protocol, the OSC enables music instruments, MIDI controllers, multimedia devices to communicate over a standard LAN (TCP / IP, UDP / IP, Ethernet) network or via the Internet. The speed of the operation is much higher than the clock speed of the MIDI transmission. In addition to speed, the OSC gives musicians and engineers the flexibility and scalability of their architecture, which enables the transfer of a variety of data via cable, leading to newer and more innovative solutions. OSC pac

Jeorjos Tsitas (born 1872 in Izmir, died?) - Greek wrestler, participant of the 1896 Olympic Games in Athens. At the Athens Games he won a silver medal. In the quarterfinals he had a free lot and went to the semi-finals without a fight, so he had already secured at least a bronze medal. In the semifinal he won with his compatriot, Stefanos Christopoulos. In the finals, he faced German Carlo Schuhmann, who previously won three gold medals in gymnastics. The duel was very well balanced. After forty minutes, the fight was interrupted by the dusk. It was finished the next day. Shortly after the resumption of combat, Tsitas was defeated by Schuhmann and eventually won a silver medal. Bibliography wiki

Seres squeeze is a very rare variety of tricolor coercion, in which one of the colors is trumpet color, first described and analyzed in 1965 by Australian sergeant Tim Seres. ♠ D 7 ♥ - ♦ - ♣ K ♠ - insignificant ♥ W ♦ W ♣ 3 ♠ - ♥ 9 ♦ 10 ♣ A S plays 6 ♣ and in the above three-fold he is in his grandfather and must take the remaining left. The table is played with a seven-seater spike that is ace the club in the hand and W is in the forced. Raising this left trio of clubs will allow the player to use the lady's spades in the grandfather's pass and then drop one of the red jacks to set him in the next compulsion after playing the quarterback in that suit. Bibliography wiki

Franz Courth (born December 30, 1940 in Weeze, September 17, 1998 in Vallendar) - German pallottine and Catholic theologian. Franz Courth was the eldest of seven siblings. His childhood was influenced by World War II and postwar times. From his early youth, he expressed his willingness to become a priest and a member of the Order. In 1952, he and his twin brother, Peter, joined the Pallottine convent of St. Peter. Alberta and attending a Rheinbach grammar school. After some time he moved to Limburg, where he graduated in 1963. He then held a two-year novitiate at the Pallottines in Olpe. He studied philosophy and theology in the philosophical-theological Pallottine high school in Vallendar, and on 9 July 1969 received a priestly ordination in his church. On the advice of his dogmatist, Heinrich Köster completed his studies in Munich. He wrote a dissertation on the life of Jesus presented by David Friedrich Straus in the critic Johan Evangelist Kuhn. After his promotion, he began his

Graefego is a type of laboratory equipment used to extract sparingly soluble substances. It consists of a heated flask containing a boiling solvent, on which the condenser condenser condenser vapor is deposited, which returns to the flask and flows to the basket located above the liquid. As a result, the substance from which the components are extracted is continually washed with clean solvent. Now, Graefel's camera has been almost completely replaced by the more powerful Soxhlet camera. wiki

Lorenzo Bernardo - a Venetian diplomat and official living in the 16th century. He was a Venetian ambassador in Constantinople from March 1584 to mid-1587 and again in 1592. In 1591, as Senator of the Republic of Venice, he went to Albania with the arrest warrant of another Venetian ambassador in Turkey, Girolamo Lippomano, who on 26 April 1591 set out from Venice and was accused of treason and sentenced to death in his absence. Bernardo passed the judgment through the sea. At that time, Lippomano traveled to Albania to make notes. When Bernardo arrived, Lippomani, knowing what was going to happen in the country, threw himself into the sea and drowned. Bibliography wiki

The castle in Kamieniec Podolski - historical-architectural reserve, established by the decision of the People's Commissar of the USRR of March 13, 1928 in Kamieniec Podolski, declared one of the seven wonders of Ukraine. / p> The reserve consisted of initially only the castle in Kamieniec Podolski. With the decision of 1928 no further action, therefore the creation of the reserve was confirmed February 20, 1967 by the Council of Ministers USRR. May 18, 1977, the Kamienieckie Old Town was added to the reserve. wiki

<= 6 G.-P.) - includes four lines of Solon's elegance snipped in the Life of Solon Plutarch and in Moral. virt. 6; De inim. until. 11; De tranqu. animi 13]. He was included in Theognidea (135-138). Metrum is a distant elegy. The fragment is a frequent warning in the archaic gnomes against dishonest gaining wealth - Solon has repeatedly referred to this subject in his work. 4 W., 6 W., 13 W.] Although the passage is constructed as a personal declaration, its content is a general thought. She proclaims that the measure of man is not wealth. Solon's words often used for their timelessness, later authors such as Stobajos [3.1.8] and St. Basil the Great [Ad adul. 5.45]. Solon points out that among the moral values ​​the highest place is occupied by the areté, which as the eternal nobility of the spirit opposes the material goods. He says that at the same time rich and evil people are numerous, in contrast to the few good people who suffer from it. But it does not make generali