Neutralization reaction

neutralization reaction - a chemical reaction between an acid and a base that leads to a change in the pH of the reaction medium towards a more neutral reaction. As a result, salt is formed and often, though not always, water. In another sense, neutralization is any reaction that results in a change in the pH of the environment, not necessarily between acid and base, but also between salt and acid or base, two acids, two bases, and even two salts.

The neutralization (neutralization) reaction can take place in different environments and therefore have a different course. It also depends on whether the acid is added to the acid solution or vice versa. In this first case the hydronium ion concentration (H3O) decreases, while in the latter case the hydroxide ion concentration decreases.

When adding concentrated or solid acids, bases or salts, the neutralization reaction is preceded by a dissociation reaction. In some neutralization reactions, the resulting new salt remains dissolved in the solution. In others, a salt is formed that is water-soluble, but not dissociated, and the resulting salt can precipitate from the system. There are also cases of neutralization in which the resulting acid or base is poorly dissociated or is partially precipitated or evaporated from the system.

In aqueous solutions, the neutralization reaction is always in the direction of equalization of the hydronium (H3O) or hydroxide (OH) ions, to the level characteristic for distilled water (pH = 7).

Simplifying the neutralization reaction involves combining hydrogen ions with hydroxides into unbroken molecules of water, for example: NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H2O or ionic: Na + OH + H + Cl → Na + Cl + H2O After shortening: OH + H → H2O

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