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Jerzy Barczyński (born April 19, 1948) is a Polish poet and activist of the democratic opposition in Tarnów. Activity in the democratic opposition in the People's Republic of Poland One of the initiators of social protests in Tarnów during the events of March 1968. March 13, 1968, together with two other people, scattered leaflets from the windows of the bus calling on the inhabitants of Tarnów to participate in the protest and support of demands of academic youth. On March 20 and 21, 1968, a participant in street demonstrations in Tarnów. On October 11, 1968, he was arrested and sentenced by the District Court in Tarnów to be sentenced to six months' imprisonment for selling leaflets calling for demonstrations. He took prison in Cracow and Tarnów prisons. In the 1970s he continued his opposition activities; During this period he could not find a job or study. In 1981 he was an employee of the Voivodship Internal Trade Enterprise "Świt" in Tarnow and the chairman...

Marian Andrzej Sołtysiewicz (born December 1, 1959 in Cracow) is a Polish politician, sociologist and Member of Parliament for the 3rd term of office. Curriculum vitae He graduated in 1997 from the Faculty of Philosophy and History at the Jagiellonian University. In the 1990s he worked in the local government and was then deputy mayor of Wadowice. From 1997 to 2001 he held the mandate of the deputy to the Sejm of the third term of office of the Solidarity Electoral Action, elected in the Bielsk Oblast. In 2001 he applied for re-election unsuccessfully. In the same year he resigned from the social function of vice mayor. Since 2002 he has been the director of the Provincial Psychiatric Hospital in Andrychów. Bibliography wiki

Tadeusz Wyrwalski (born in 1923, died 30 January 2004) is a Puszczyński named Wilk Tropiciel, a Pawian - doctor of medical sciences, scout instructor, harper, woodcrafter. Creator and initiator of forest scouting. The precursor and nestor of "Forest Wisdom", an idea proposed by Ernest Thompson Seton "Black Wolf", who was a hot promoter in scouting. Founder and long-time leader of the Forest Scouts Group "WATRA" im. Free Scouting. Cultural and nature lover of Beskydy. Author of works and books, articles in journals about woodcrafters and scouts. Woodcrafters' motives and youth organizations. In 1957, he founded the first snowball team - 34 DHL "WATRA" in Wroclaw. In the years of the Scouting renewal he kept contacts with the editorial staff of the monthly magazine Harcerz Rzeczypospolitej in Cracow. He published in his journal "In the Circle of Leaders" his articles about the country. Books wiki

The 2008 parliamentary elections in Kuwait took place on 17 May. It was an early election, after March's emir Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah dissolved parliament. 274 candidates, including 27 women, applied for seats in the 50-person Kuwait National Unitary Assembly - National Assembly. Results The winner of the election was the conservative Muslims who won 24 out of 50 possible seats. Other places will be occupied by the tribal leaders, also going for the opposite major changes in Kuwait's economic policy. wiki

Abiotic factors (from α̉- (a-) or (an-) - negation, absent, without (something) + gr. βίος (bios) - life), physicochemical factors - ecological factors of physical nature, along with other factors affecting ecosystems at different levels of organization. Abiotic factors in a major way shape the biotope and affect the living organisms that must evolve to adapt to it. Rapid and powerful changes in abiotic factors such as sea transgression may inhibit the development of hitherto existing organisms and alter the structure of the biocoenosis. Abiotic factors can be divided into: edaphic and climatic. For abiotic factors we include: Bibliography wiki

Private Polish Gymnasium in Rzeżyca - Polish high school in Rzeżyca in Latvia, which existed in 1921-1940, one of three Polish-language grammar schools in pre-war Latvia. History The school was founded on 21 November 1921 by Maria Kiełpszowa, who became the first headmaster of the school. The next year, the head of the institution was S. Dowgialłówna, and the institution was under the authority of the ministry of education in Latvia. In total, 34 pupils (in two classes) were taught in its walls. Director: Olga Tałłat-Kiełpszowa. At school there was a brass band. Bibliography wiki

Ludwik Wittelsbach's Matilda Ludwig Wittelsbach (born September 30, 1843 in Munich, died June 18, 1925 in Munich), princess of Bavaria, countess Trani. Ludwig's Princess Ludwig was the fourth daughter of Maximilian, Prince of Bavaria, and Duchess of Ludwik of Bavaria. Her maternal grandparents were Maximilian and Józef Wittelsbach and his second wife Karolina Fryderyk Badeńska. Ludwik Ludwik had eight siblings. was the sister of Helena Karolina, Princess Thurn und Taxis, Elisabeth Amalia, Empress of Austria, Maria Zofia, Queen of Sicily and Zofia Charlotte, Duchess of Alençon. On June 5, 1861, she married Ludwik Count Trania. Matylda's husband was the successor of his stepbrother, Francis II of Burbona, whose wife was the older sister of Matilda Maria Zofia. Ludwik and his wife had only one daughter, Maria Teresa Burbon, Princess of Sicily (15 January 1867-1 May 1909), wife of Wilhelm, duke of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen. After 18 years of marriage, Ludwik died in 1886...

Disconnection syndrome - a theoretical concept introduced by Norman Geschwind, including syndromes associated with damage to the nerve fibers. The nerve fibers may have different types depending on what information is being transferred. Associative (associative) pathways can be performed within one hemisphere (hemispherical) or between two hemispheres (transdifferent, abdominal). The reception areas do not have connections between them but only connections to the new cortices around the associative. Associated neighborhoods within each sense, each neighborhood sends signals to other associative neighborhoods of the same hemisphere and to the opposite (integration). The associative neighborhoods are already connected with one another through association associative fibers within one hemisphere and between two. Within the intercellular integration, there are connections between the right and left hemispheric region, and these are sometimes very long (long tufts, association fibers) ...

Acidophyte - an organism that tolerates or prefers to live in acidic environments (ie, low pH, even below 2, but also for organisms living in an environment close to 5.5 - typical for humotrophic lakes). Acidophiles are mainly selected species of bacteria, fungi (eg pea butterfly), tall peat plants (eg peat bogs), heather (eg heather), poor woods (blueberry, cranberry) and field sorghum, algae humotrophic lakes. They are found in old mines, heaps, volcanic soils, hot springs. From animals to acidophiles, for example, acetic carbonate, living in fermenting fruit, some rowers living in acidified waters. Bibliography wiki

Prototheca (Latin protothecosis) is a disease caused by chlorophyll-depleted algae belonging to the genus Prototheca. Infections are caused by penetration into the skin and result in localized infections within the skin, subcutaneous tissue or deeper tissues (tendon sheaths, muscle tissue). Diagnosis is possible after the inoculation or histopathological diagnosis of sporangioma with endosporia. Treatment involves surgical removal of the lesion and intravenous administration of amphotericin B. Bibliography See terms related to medical terms and related wikipedia. wiki

Jerzy Bytnerowicz (born January 5, 1919 in Poznań, died January 4, 2002 in Slupsk) - Slupsk pioneer, organizer of state and economic administration and cultural life in Slupsk. Honorary Citizen of Slupsk since 1994. Curriculum vitae He came to Słupsk in 1945. In the early days of his stay in the city he began organizing local self-government. His model has been distributed throughout Poland. In the 1940s he was a coordinator of the City's Detachment Department, then secretary of the Social Committee for Reconstruction of the Capital and the Country (he helped to restore three important buildings: the Pomeranian Dukes Castle, the New Gate and the Dramatic Theater). Thanks to him, in the post-war years, cooperation between Słupsk and Lodz was established. On his initiative in 1964, Słupsk Social and Cultural Society (STSK) was established, in which he served as Vice President, since 1983 the President. In 1967 he became the chairman of the Organizing Team, which organized the Po...

Jan Kazimierz Mycielski (born June 24, 1864 in Wydawach, Gostyń District, died April 3, 1913 in Florence) is a Polish painter and graphic designer, farmer. He was the son of Stanislaw (1823-1878), owner of the Poniec estate, imprisoned in 1848 and Maria of the House of Turno, the grandson of Ludwik, brother of Joseph. He attended the gymnasium in Wroclaw, then educated at the college in England. He studied at the University of Halle, in Munich he served in the military. During this period he made contact with Polish artists living in Munich, which prompted him to undertake painting studies at the local Academy of Fine Arts. He also studied painting at the School of Fine Arts in Cracow and Michał Pociechy (private). He was the creator of oil paintings - landscapes, flowers, still life, as well as prints depicting the landscapes of Wielkopolska and Italy. He traveled frequently to Italy, where he brought sketches and finished paintings. He exhibited among others. in Zachęta (in 1897...

Mike van Diem (born 1959 in Sittard) is a Dutch director and screenwriter. He studied at the Utrecht University. He graduated from Nederlandse Film en Televisie Academie (in 1989), and his student film Alaska drew him attention in the film world. However, the greatest artistic achievement of van Diem is the 1997 film, based on the novel by Ferdinand Bordewijk. The inter-war picture, which takes place in the interwar period, is about complex relationships between the father and his illegitimate son over a dozen or so years. The film was partially filmed in Wroclaw, and van Diem was also the author of the screenplay. Nature won the Oscar for Best Foreign Language. Direction Authoritative control (person): wiki

USS LST-826 - LST-542 tank landing craft. As many other units of this type did not receive a unit name and carried only a hull number. The ship's keel was laid on October 6, 1944 in Evansville, Indiana, at Missouri Valley Bridge. Iron Co .. He was launched November 14, 1944, the godmother was Mrs. W. Haynes. He entered service on December 7, 1944, commander was Lt. John G. Mahler, USNR. During World War II, LST-826 was assigned to the Asian-Pacific theater of war and participated in the Okinawa Gunto landing and occupation in May and June 1945. After the end of the fighting he served in the occupation forces in the Far East until the beginning of December 1945. LST-826 was awarded a battle star for service during World War II. Bibliography wiki

PivotTable (Polish terminology in the LibreOffice Calc and Microsoft Excel spreadsheet) - Analytical spreadsheet tool that allows you to filter, select, rearrange columns and rows of data in a spreadsheet to achieve results that are different, clearer and Usable from the original (source) data layout, without violating the original source table or tables. Typically, a pivot table is generated by a spreadsheet in a separate tab, based on the user's command prompt, and can be automatically updated when source data is changed. This technique provides invisible information generally in a complex and multidimensional original table layout (so called source data) and makes them more readable to the user. This is why PivotTable technology is valued as an analytical tool, especially in the office environment. In the OpenOffice Calc worksheet, a similar function is called a data pilot. wiki

Peter Leibing - German photographer, author of the famous 1961 picture of the East German soldier Conrad Schumann jumping across the border to West Berlin two days after the Berlin Wall was established. August 15, 1961 Leibing was a beginner photojournalist working for the Contiepress photography agency in Hamburg. Leibing had arrived less than a day earlier and had received confidential information from the police officer that one of the East German guards seemed hesitant and could try to escape through a precarious wall that was then a low barbed wire barrier. Leibing watched the guard for an hour, and then he was sure that he would risk his escape. As the crowd gathered on the west side, he began to encourage the soldier with the shouting Komm rüber! (Pass!), He finally decided and jumped. Leibing took one photo with his non-automatic Exakta camera. As he recalled, the experience gained during the shooting of horse-racing competitions in Hamburg was at this point. The photo appea...

Ursyn's coat Ursyn's coat depicts a castle gate with two symmetrically placed towers, over which the Ursynów patron - a bear, referring to the robe of Rawicz Juliana Ursyna Niemcewicz. The black bear stands on two paws and is turned to the right and the right hand holds the rose. The bottom of the background is green, while the top is yellow. The door is red. Herb was designed by a team of specialists. Jerzy Nowosielski and Andrzej Kulikowski. The coat of arms was approved by resolution No. 69 of the Warsaw-Ursynów Commune Council of 14 February 1995 on the Statute of the Commune of Warsaw-Ursynów. Comments wiki

Radoslaw, Radosław, Reds - Old Polish female name, composed of a Rado member (motivated by councils - "be happy, willing, enjoy" or advise - "take care, take care of something") and the " fame"). It can mean "one who cares about fame" or "one who is willing to get famous." In Polish sources, certified in the twelfth century. Old Polish derivative forms of this name also include: Racław, Racław, Ratsława, Recawawa, Recława, Retsława, Rasława and Radochna. Common: Radka Radoslaw's name day celebrates: September 8th and September 9th. : Radoslaw, Redosław, Radslaw, Redslaw. Bibliography wiki

Spherometer used to measure the radius of curvature of the convex lens. Marked important sizes. Spherometer - A measuring instrument used to measure the radii of spherical elements, such as lenses. Unlike standard circular arcs, measurements are not straightforward. Building The spherical consists of a base in the form of a metal ring and a clock micrometer or micrometer. For adjusting (resetting) of the spherical, the screw is used to allow free travel of the sensor and a rotary scale, usually calibrated in the tenths or tenths of millimeters. Measurement run Measure the radius of curvature by measuring the canopy arrow and the radius (internal or external) of the spherical base, then calculate the radius you want. To measure the radius of curvature of the lens: Position the spherical lens on the test lens and read the arrow value - h. Measure the outside diameter (when measuring the concave lens) or internal (when measuring convex lenses) of the spherical base - R. Repeat t...

Satanic Blood Angel - album-compilation of the American black metal band Von. The album contains demos - Satanic Blood and unreleased Blood Angel - and recordings of concerts that they played in the native city of San Francisco, USA. The material was released in two versions. Nuclear War Now! Productions released a two-disc album, while From Beyond Productions released a single-disc album. Both versions came out in 2003. The only official recordings of Von are the compilation and demo of Satanic Blood. Track list CD1 (songs 1-8: Satanic Blood, songs 9-14: Blood Angel) CD2 (San Francisco concert) Creators wiki

Nero Express, a software program like Nero Burning ROM for burning CDs, has a different interface. It is a paid program, often provided with CD, DVD and BR recorders. Recording is done using a graphical wizard, but also comes with a text mode version. The GUI version is also available in Polish. Nero Express allows you to burn multiple types of data on a CD / DVD. It can also write data in multisession mode (but only on media recorded with Nero AG, otherwise the earlier data will not be available, which is marked with a "x" beside the file). The program includes a number of additional tools, such as Nero CD-DVD Speed, to test drive read speed, test CD / DVD writing quality (surface and file test), and more. which details are tested: hardware, system and tiles, which is topped with a few tabs, such as the capabilities and parameters of the burner, the parameters of the discs (eg data mastering such as DVDs, codecs, busy media area and more) p> NeroCmd Additionally, th...

Skimming - a crime of illegally copying a magnetic strip of a payment card without the knowledge of the holder to produce copies and perform unauthorized payments for goods and services or withdrawals from cash dispensers. Currently skimming is also targeted at chip cards with unprotected SDA class and DDA class chips that are considered safer. Because the copied card in the electronic banking system behaves like an original card, all the transactions made with it are at the expense of the original cardholder and charged to the account. There are two types of skimming: skimming in a merchant and skimming a cash dispenser. Skimming at a retail store involves making a copy of the card by the seller or another person who has come into her possession temporarily. Because criminals do not always have the opportunity to know the PIN code of a cloned card, they can use only for cards that do not require PIN authorization, and only for payments for goods and services. They can not use a c...

Зверев (born March 15, 1900 in Alchevsk, Russia) end of World War II He graduated from a 2-class school. In 1919 he joined the Bolshevik army. He participated in a civil war with white men. In 1922 he underwent infantry courses, and in 1924 graduated from the Infantry School. From 1926 he commanded a company of 224 firing squad. In 1930 he underwent higher shooting courses. In the years 1931-1933 he was the head of a unit in the head of one of the military regions, then the chief of staff of the 224th regiment. In 1936 he took command of the 289th regimental regiment. In 1937, he became chief of staff of the 19 th Rifle Regiment. On the wave of purge in the officer corps in 1938 he was arrested by the NKVD, but was released into the wild. In the years 1939-1940 he participated in the Soviet-Finnish war as commander of one of the shooting division. After graduating, he graduated from the Military Academy for them. M. Frunze, then became the division commander of the 146th Division of ...

Homoioi, Homojoj - in ancient Greece (especially in Sparta) full-fledged citizens, able to hold office. The word homoioi (class ὅμοιοι, group, singular is hómoios) means "similar", "equal", "equal". Homosexuals were all free adult men in a given policy, regardless of property status or origin. Equality as a resemblance was one of the foundations of the existence of Greek cities and the guarantee of their community character. In Sparta Sparta was called spartans in Sparta. Each of them possessed one non-negotiable plot of land - called kleros or klaros (κλῆρος, κλᾶρος) - which most often practiced helmets, because the Spartans spent most of their time on military training. Kleros inherited the eldest son. To be part of homoioi, the following conditions had to be met: Bibliography wiki

Passions - an American daytime soap opera, broadcast from 1999 to 2008. She was the last American soap opera with fantastic elements. One of the heroines of the series was a 500-year-old witch. Due to low viewership, NBC has decided to take the show off the antenna. This production decided to buy American satellite TV DirecTV. September 6, 2007 was the last episode of the NBC television series. The first episode on DirecTV satellite on channel 101 (in some regions of the United States on Channel 103) was broadcast on September 17, 2007. The NBC station was broadcast five times a week. DirecTV was first broadcast four times a week, later reduced to three episodes. DirecTV viewers at the end of the show's lifetime were able to watch the Passions from Monday to Wednesday at 2.00 pm and 5.00 pm, while on Thursdays 101 broadcast replay marauders broadcast from 2.00 pm. up to 5.00 p.m. In December 2007, it was announced that in 2008 the show would be removed from the DirecTV antenn...

Story Dr. Susan Forward and Joan Torres, author of the bestseller Men who hate women and women who love them, lead therapeutic groups for victims of violence (narrator is Lindsay Wagner). We know the story of Jennifer (Mary Crosby), whose problems start when she falls in love with her boss and marries him. After the wedding her beloved turns out to be brutal. Despite the horrible treatment, Jennifer still remembers the romantic moments before the wedding and continues to love her husband. wiki

The ISO / IEC 10646 standard describes the universal character set (UCS) for describing characters (letters, numbers, symbols, ideograms, etc.) from many languages, scripts, and traditions in the world. The set contains approximately 100,000 abstract characters, each with a unique name and a character code. Theoretically, the standard allows you to store more than 2 billion characters (in 31 bits, see UCS-4), but in common usage only the first 65,536 characters (UCS-2) from the Basic Multilingual Plane (BMP) . UCS is still under development, and amendments to ISO / IEC 10646: 2003 Amendment 1 and Amendment 2 are in progress. Relationships to Unicode In 1991, the ISO Working Group began working with the Unicode Consortium to create a single standard for multi-language text. Unicode 1.1 published in 1993 was already compliant with ISO / IEC 10646-1: 1993. Since then Unicode has become the official implementation of the above. standard. See §1 of The Unicode Standard for detail...

Penance - a novel by the British writer Ian McEwan. It is considered one of his best works. In 2001 Penance was nominated for the award for best English-language novel. McEwan was previously awarded the Booker Prize for his previous book, Amsterdam. In addition, Time magazine declared Penance the best work of the year and placed it on the list of the 100 greatest novels in history. Penance was nominated for several awards, some of which she won. McEwan used several styling techniques, including metaphysics and psychological realism. In 2007, a film adaptation was made under the same title. wiki

Jan Grzegorzewski (born ca. 1850 in Szulejki in Zwiahelskie district in Volhynia, died 1922) - Polish ethnographer, Slavic, literate, tour guide and orientalist. Junior high school graduated in Zhitomir. Slavic studies in Odessa. He spent many years in Turkey and in the Balkans. In Constantinople and Sofia, he founded Orientalist institutions "Hyacynthaeum", in honor of Sts. Jacek - the first orientalist of Poland, whom Grzegorzewski considered the author of the so-called. The Codex Cumanicus (Codex Cumanicus) Mark in Venice, issued by the Academy of Budzin. In Cracow, most probably since 1914, the magazine "Rocznik Orjentalistyczny" was published, and in 1919 he published a book on Na Spisz in Lwow. Studies and folklore texts. Grzegorzewski was interested in Polish Karaims. He wrote many works on the history of the Slavs. Bibliography wiki

Upper part of Valley of the Cross and Mount. At the top of Krywana Valley of the Cross (Krížna dolina) - Tatra valley located in Slovakia, the lower tributary of the Tichá valley (Tichá dolina), which crosses the Liptov cross (Krížne, 2039 m), whose arms separate it from the neighboring valleys. > The Cross Valley borders: The valley is built of crystalline slate and gneiss. The valley of the forest and stream of the stream flows through the stream of Krizna Potok, which feeds on the Tichý potok (Quiet Water of Liptov). The valley is inaccessible to tourists, since 1948 is a strict protection area for TANAP. At the end of World War II, the base of the guerrilla unit "Vysoké Tatry" was located in the valley. In November the guerrillas were attacked by German troops and fought with them. This is reminiscent of a memorial stone set in 1968 in the Quiet Valley of the Low Silent Glade, slightly above the outlet of the Cross Valley. Bibliography wiki

Michał Mosiołek (born 16 August 1867 in Wysoka, died April 24, 1898) is a Polish writer, publicist and social activist. He was born in a peasant family in 1867 in Wysoka near Szydłowiec. He learned to read and write alone. He perfected these skills on the works of Sienkiewicz and Kraszewski, learned in his youth. He was one of the most respected correspondents of the popular newspapers: "Zorza", "Gazeta Swiateczna" and "Gazeta Świętokrzyska" and the elite "Word" and "Gazeta Radomska". The theme of his articles was everything that deserved attention: from the architectural monuments of the area, through the scientific fields of social affairs. Among the latter, he strongly opposed the ubiquitous in the countryside, such as laziness, drunkenness, belief in superstition. He was actively involved in the development of the village. He popularized the technical innovations in the field of agriculture, rural health care and peasant educatio...

Zend Engine - PHP engine. It first appeared in PHP 4, PHP 5 uses its later version, ie Zend Engine 2. The Zend Engine consists of a source code compiler for bytecode and a virtual machine that executes this code. This breakthrough has enabled many free and commercial applications to run between these two stages. Zend Accelerator, eaccelerator and many more. The engine itself has very few built-in features, most of which are added with extensions. It is responsible for allocating and preserving memory, counting , garbage collection, etc. The source code is available for free and is shared with the PHP source code. wiki

Great Greece about 280 r. P.n.e. Great Greece (Latin: Magna Graecia, Greek: ἡ Ἑλλάς ἡ Μεγάλη he Hellas he Megale) - in ancient times the southern part of the Apennine Peninsula and most of Sicily colonized by the Greeks in the 7th / 6th century BC. during the great colonization period. Otherwise called Great Hellada. The main tribe that colonized the area was the Joni, hence the name of the area that was flooding the area from the east and south of the Ionian Sea. The main centers were located in such cities as Taranto, Kroton (Achaea), Sybaris (Achaia) and Sicilian Messianes and Syracuse. The tyrants of the latter reached some hegemony throughout the area at some point. In the 3rd century BC p.n.e. In Great Britain, Greece included the lands: Lukania, Calabria, Bruttium and Apulia. Great Greece was conquered by a gradual conquest by Rome until 272 BC. The distinctness - also the linguistic - of the Great Greek region was very noticeable. Italian Greek colonies had a cultural impa...

Michael Cserny (born 1924, died?) - SS-Schütze, a Nazi criminal, member of the Mauthausen-Gusen concentration camp crew. Czechoslovak citizen of German nationality. Member of the Waffen-SS since February 20, 1943. He served as a guard in the Ebensee sub-camp since November 1943. Cserny shot two prisoners while trying to escape from the camp. He was convicted in the Mauthausen-Gusen crew (US vs. Johann Altfuldisch and others) by the American Military Tribunal in Dachau for life imprisonment. Bibliography wiki

Rene Korsitzky (born 1913, died 19 November 1948) is a Nazi criminal, member of the Mauthausen-Gusen concentration camp and SS-Unterscharführer. Czechoslovak citizen. A painter Member of the Waffen-SS since November 11, 1938. Korsitzky was sent to the Mauthausen camp complex on February 1, 1942, and remained there until May 1943. He then served various functions, including the Blockführer and the head of the prisoners' committee in a part of the camp intended for Soviet POWs and commandos. construction. Korsitzky was the terror of the whole camp. He has participated in mass executions and executed individual killings. He constantly abused the prisoners and humiliated them at every turn. Korsitzky was tried in the Mauthausen-Gusen twenty-first process of trial before the US military court in Dachau. He was sentenced to death for hanging. Judgment was made on 19 November 1948 in the Landsberg prison. Bibliography wiki

15 kg blind bomb. 39 - Polish exercise bomb weighing 15 kg constructed around 1939. The bomb was manufactured by the Ludwigs Hut, which received an order in the beginning of 1939 for 10,000 bombs. Of this 3000 were to be delivered by 1 June 1939, and the remainder until 1 December of the same year. 39 had a drip body made of pig iron. The dimensions and shape of the bomb's body were identical to that of the bomb. 33. The four-leaf bush was attached to the body. A canal 25 mm in diameter was running along the axle of the bomb. To the side of the bomb head was screwed into it, from the side of the bolt plug. The bomb was armed with a shock absorber behind which was a charge of black powder. At the height of the bomb's center of gravity, a hanger was used to hang the bomb under the bomb handle. At the time of the collapse, the dust explosion caused a cloud of smoke to allow the observation of a fall from a height of up to 4000 m. Bibliography wiki

Palm Treo 700p CDMA Smartphone Palm - a Palm OS operating system. Originally Palm was used only for devices manufactured by Palm or 3com. Handspring, Sony and Tapwave were also among the major manufacturers of Palm OS devices, whose products also referred to as Palmers. Handspring in 2004 was bought by Palm (then "palmOne"). Sony in 2004, and Tapwave in 2005 ceased production of Palm OS devices. Devices based on Palm OS capabilities and parameters compete with PocketPC devices. wiki

Parr or Pahr, Bahr, Pair (owned by de Pario) - a family of Italian architects from Bissone, builders and stone masters (so called Komasks), operating in Europe in the 16th century (Lower Silesia, Mecklenburg, Sweden ). In Poland, the Parr family contributed to the adoption (mainly in Silesian architecture), the forms of the Northern Italian Renaissance. Francis Parr (born?, died 1580), who settled in Chojnów, conducted construction work in Lower Silesia. Works in Germany: Works in Sweden since 1572, together with Krzysztof, Dominik and Jan Baptysta Parr (son of Jakub Parr, brother Francis), commissioned by King John III Vase Jakub Parr (born 1510, died 1575), in the years 1539-1540 he worked at the castle in Bolków. In 1543 he settled in Brzeg, as the court architect of the Duke of Legnica-Brzeg Jerzy II. In the years 1544-1566 his Jakub Parr was involved in the expansion of the Castle of the Silesian Piasts in Brzeg (designed by Francis Parr). He also rebuilt the Renaissance Brest...

Anneliese Kohlmann (born 23 March 1921 in Hamburg, 17 September 1977) is a German Nazi SS-Aufseherin in the Nazi Bergen-Belsen Concentration Camp and a war criminal. Curriculum vitae She was from a bricklayer's family and a housewife, not a college graduate. In 1940 she joined the NSDAP. At the beginning of November 1944, she was employed as a trafficker in Hamburg, where she was assigned as an auxiliary SS officer in the Hamburg-Neugraben sub-camp. In March 1945 she was transferred to the Tiefstack near Hamburg. As she maintained, Tiefstack left without a permit and went to Bergen-Belsen, where she spent 8-15 April 1945 hiding in a crowd in the prison. She was arrested on 17 April 1945 by the British army after the prisoners of Neugraben and Tiefstack recognized her. She was imprisoned in Celle prison. Bergen-Belsen was sentenced to two years of imprisonment, one year in prison for temporary detention. The rest of the penalty was held in the Fühlsbüttel prison. Bibliography wi...

Wild garden Wild garden Wild garden - a horticultural field initiated by William Robinson (1938-1935). A breakthrough in the art and design of gardens started in England. The author recommended using it for both private and public gardens. This wildness did not propagate the disorder and chaos of the garden and the use of native species only - wild ones. It was an art mixture of wild and cultivated plants (also tropical and subtropical), which could have survived all year round, in conditions similar to natural ones such as wetlands. The wild garden in its form was intended to show the individual beauty of plants according to the layout. In Germany, the ideas of a wild garden were propagated by Karl Foerster Bibliography wiki

Małgorzata Agnieszka Okońska-Zaremba (born May 23, 1966 in Wieliczka) - Polish politician and lawyer, deputy to the Sejm III term, was deputy minister of economy. Curriculum vitae She graduated from the Faculty of Law and Administration of the University of Warsaw (in 1994 in the field of administration, in 2002 in the field of law). Since the 1980s, she has held managerial positions in the Socialist Youth Union of Poland, in the years 1992-1998 she was managing the National Coordinating Council of the ZSMP. She worked in the Military Arms Factory in Cracow, in the years 1991-1992 she was the director of the Provincial Labor University in Nowy Sącz. On behalf of the Democratic Left Alliance in the years 1997-2001, he served as a Member of Parliament for the third term of office from the Nowy Sącz district (selected from the nationwide list). In the 2001 parliamentary elections, she was unsuccessful in seeking re-election. From 2001 to 2004, she served as Undersecretary of State...

.LRN - is a GNU GPL-based educational platform that supports course management, online communication, and online collaboration for eLearning and research. It was created by the MIT Sloan School of Management and is used and developed in collaboration with dozens of universities, research institutions and organizations around the world. The platform management organization (.LRN Consortium) is nonprofit and its management is made up of representatives of the official platform members. The platform is intended to create, deliver and develop e-learning tools and methods around the world. wiki

PST headquarters in Oslo Politiets sikkerhetstjeneste in brief PST (Police Police Service) is a Norwegian police service specialized under the Ministry of Justice. He is responsible for the internal security of Norway. Its headquarters are located in the capital of the country, Oslo. He also has his regional offices in 27 police districts. Its current head is Jørn Holme. The other special services of Norway are Etterretningstjenesten (National Intelligence Service) and Nasjonal sikkerhetsmyndighet (National Security Administration) Short story The date of the Politiets sikkerhetstjeneste is 1936 or 1937. The Politiets Overvåkningstjeneste, also known as the POT. In 2002, this service officially changed its name to the current one. Works Politiets sikkerhetstjeneste performs standard tasks of counterintelligence and internal security services, including: wiki

David James George Hennessy, 3rd Baron Windlesham CVO (born January 28, 1932 - December 21, 2010) is a British aristocrat and politician, member of the Conservative Party, minister of the Edward Heath government. He received his education at Ampleforth College and at Trinity College, Oxford, where he studied law. In 1958 he became a member of Westminster City Council. After his father's death in 1968 he inherited the title of 3rd Baron Windlesham and sat in the House of Lords. In 1970 he became Minister of State at the Home Office. In 1973 he became Lord of the Secret Seal and chairman of the House of Lords. He remained in these posts for the 1974 presidential defeat. Lord Windlesham has also worked for several magazines, including for the Observer. He also wrote several books. He then returned to the college where he was finally director of Brasenose College. In 1999, he was created as a baron Hennessy, and remained in the House of Lords after her reform. wiki

Marek Piotr Chowaniec (born January 24, 1966 in Auschwitz) - Polish stage, television and film designer, Vice-Dean of the Faculty of Scenography at the Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw. Doctorate (2010) and habilitation (2012) obtained at the Faculty of Media Art and Scenography of the Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw. As a stage designer, he has produced about 50 theater productions. "Marat-Sade" and "Black Mask" - dir. Krzysztof Nazar, "Miss Saigon" and "Grease" - dir. Wojciech Kępczyński, "Kuglarze i hangielcy", "Garderobiany", "Parades", "So Far, So Close", "Cyrano de Bergerac", "Nie-Divka comedia" - dir. Krzysztof Zaleski, "So Much Love" and "Romeo and Juliet" - dir. Janusz Józefowicz, "Angels of America" ​​- dir. Wojciech Nowak, "Chicago" - dir. Krzysztof Jasiński, "Five Brothers Moe" - dir. Olaf Lubashenko. He has also co-produc...

Metamorphism - is a set of processes that lead to the change of rocks, texture, structure, mineral composition and chemistry. A typical metamorphic environment is the interior of the earth's crust, which can also occur on the surface of the Earth. However, it is important to keep in mind that metamorphism is only known as a steady-state transformation. Three zones of metamorphism intensity were separated. Epizona - the weakest degree, mesozoan - average degree, catazona - the highest degree of metamorphism. In addition, certain minerals (assemblies) were identified for the degree, and the type of transformations → metamorphism. Types of metamorphism according to the ratio of metamorphism factors to primary rock Types of metamorphisms due to predominant process wiki

AB Landsverk - a Swedish company founded in 1872 as Firman Petterson & Ohlsen. The factory in Landskron produced railway wagons, harbor cranes and agricultural equipment. In the late 1920s, when the company was on the verge of bankruptcy, it was financed (with the help of a Dutch broker) by the German company Gutehoffnungshütte Aktienverein für Bergbau und Hüttenbereich Oberhausen (GHH), which also took over 50% of AB Landsverk. During World War II the company designed and partially produced most tanks for the Swedish army. wiki

Jarema Trzebiński (born December 15, 1970 in Wrocław) is a Polish lawyer, researcher at the University of Wrocław, judge of the Tribunal of State (2005-2011). In 1996 he graduated from the University of Warsaw. He then went on to study doctoral studies at this university, completed his doctoral degree in law in 2002. At the same time, in the years 1996-1998 he held a legal apprenticeship, and then until 2001 he was appointed as a judge in the District Court for Wrocław. In 2001 he was appointed Judge of the District Court for Wroclaw-Fabryczna. In 2006 he was elected Vice President of the State Tribunal. He chaired the composition of the TS during the trial of former Treasury Minister Emil Wąsacz. On November 14, 2007, he was re-elected to the TS, this time as a member. The recommended club was Law and Justice. Bibliography wiki

Heterophyesis - a parasitic disease caused by Heterophyes heterophyes. Symptoms and mileage The main symptoms are diarrhea and abdominal pain. In the Philippines, cases of potentially life-threatening cardio and myocardial infarction caused by parasite eggs have been reported. Recognition The diagnosis is made on the basis of a microscopic examination showing the presence of parasitic eggs in the stool specimen. Egg detection requires differential diagnosis with similar eggs from other flocks: Metagonimus yokogawai, Clonorchis and Opisthorchis. Treatment The drug of choice is a prescription drug at a dose of 25 mg / kg body weight p.o. 3 x daily for 1 day. Bibliography wiki

Map of Cape Verde Islands Sotheby's Islands (Ilhas de Sotavento port) - southern group of islands in the archipelago of Cape Verde. There are Maio, Santiago, Fogo and Brava Islands. The islands are rocky, agricultural and volcanic islands, and are the earliest and earliest inhabited from all of Cape Verde. The island economy of Maio is a flat, uninhabited island located to the east - it is based primarily on salt intake, which is supplied almost to the whole of the Leeward Islands. Mniejszymy wysepkami archipelagu są: Ilhéu Grande, Ilhéu de Cima, Ilhéu do Rei, Ilhéu Sapado, Ilhéu Luís Carneiro, Ilhéus Secos oraz Ilhéu de Santa Maria. wiki

"Behind the Scenes" - a play by Cyprian Kamil Norwid written around 1865-1866. Drama is twofold: it shares the tragedy of Tyrt and Behind the Scenes. These two themes are intertwined: the scenes from Tyrtey's theater combine with scenes that take place outside the scenes. In the piece there is Dedication, which Norwid dedicates to "the youth of my capital" (Warsaw). Many pieces of the work are an allusion to Warsaw after the fall of the January Uprising. wiki

Stefanozafka - asteroid belt asteroid that circled the Sun in 4 years and 248 days in the mean distance 2.8 AU. She was discovered on January 30, 1997 at the Osservatorio Astrometrico Santa Lucia by Antonio Vagnozzi. The name of the asteroid comes from Stefano Zafka (1972-2007), an alpine guide who participated in two expeditions on K2 and disappeared during the second descent from the summit. Prior to naming, the asteroid was given a temporary designation (8943) 1997 BH3. wiki

- Neverland - a fictional island from the world of Peter Pan. Barri, to which the children go and from which they come. God is the land of Everlasting Childhood, Dreams and Imagination. There are children who have faith, so-called Chosen Peter. Byland is governed by Peter Pan. In the eyes of every child, Nuremberg looks different. Inhabitants There are fortune tellers, pirates, sirens, lost boys in their homes, and other unnamed creatures. Occasionally they visit the ruler. For a while, Wendy Darling (Polish Wandzia) and her younger brothers visited Wiby Darling. Location Second star to the right, and straight to the morning. Fly. Just to think of it, it is enough to fly, and some Fairy Dust. wiki

Selsyn - electric machine with the principle of operation similar to an electric motor, used as a measuring and indicating device, which can simultaneously perform some work. It is composed of two windings arranged in a fixed magnetic field of the same orientation (eg vertically upwards) through which current flows. Both windings are usually separated spatially, one is located at the location where the measurement is taken, and the other is where the object is located. Changing the orientation of one of the windings causes the other to tilt. You can find eg oscillators at power stations equipped with transformers with load-to-load switching as a latching position indicator. The transmitter is then in the tap switch housing on the transformer, the receiving antenna (moving the pointer on the target) in the control room. Recognition principle Today, it has come out of operation, driven by cheaper electronic solutions. It was recently used in the Porąbka hydroelectric power station, w...

Starjet - a commercial name for the new Fiat Group petrol engine. These engines are the new Fiat powertrains. Compliant with EURO 4 standards. The first engine of its kind was a 95 hp 1.4 16V Starjet engine. It was used in the Fiat Punto in 2004. Starjet technology combines three advanced technologies simultaneously: Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) - exhaust gas recirculation system VVT (Variable Valve Timing) technology - variable valve timing Tri-City Auto Zone wiki

Jadwiga Teresa Adamczyk (born August 27, 1906 in Warsaw, died September 3, 1986 in Warsaw), Polish librarian, longtime manager of the Department of Old Prints of the Public Library of the Capital City of Warsaw. Curriculum vitae She was the daughter of Władysław and Maria from Strzemnych, railway officials. In 1925 she graduated from Zofia Sierpińska Gymnasium in Warsaw and started her studies at the Faculty of Humanities at the University of Warsaw; In 1930 she received a master's degree in philosophy in history under the direction of Oskar Halecki. She also passed an exam which allowed her to teach history in secondary schools. In December 1937 she defended her PhD dissertation of Europe and the Mongols in the thirteenth century, prepared under the direction of Stanisław Kętrzynski. Another scientific work, The Polish case in Russian Tsarist politics during the Great War, was not completed until the outbreak of World War II; During the war years, the material from this disserta...

CANON (fully autotrophic nitrogen removal process over nitrite) - a technology for the removal of ammonium nitrate from sewage carried out in a single autotrophic bioreactor. CANON technology is conducted at an oxygen concentration of less than 0.5%. Under conditions such as in the bioreactor, both aerobic nitrosobacteria and anaerobic bacteria, belonging to the order Planctomycetes: Brocadia and Kuenenia, proliferate. They simultaneously react with oxygen and anaerobic ammonium oxidation, with the release of molecular nitrogen: NH4 + 1,5 O2 → NO2 + 2 H + H2O NH4 + 1,3 NO2 → 1,02 N2 + 0,26 NO3 + 2 H2O In sum, these two reactions look like this: NH4 + 1,3 NO2 → 0,435 N2 + 0.13 NO3 + 1,3 H2O + 1.4 H Bibliography wiki

Isaac Cronström (1661-1751) - Swedish officer in Dutch service. As the second son in the family, he chose a military career. Since 1692 he was an officer. In 1697 he became colonel and commander of the Dutch infantry regiment Nassau-Woudenberg. In 1703 he became an adjutant of the Nassau-Ouwerkerk regiment. In 1704 he received the command of the Dutch regiment "Brandenburg". In 1709 he was appointed brigadier general and military commander in Huy. Since 1720, he has been named (Swedish) count (since his older brother, architect and diplomat Daniel Cronström (1655-1719).) From 1727 he was General of the Infantry Division of the Dutch Army. Bibliography wiki

Martin Pohl (born 16th c. 1608) - Silesian sculptor of Mannerism, active in Legnica in the years 1581-1608, a student of the famous sculptor Caspar Berger from Legnica. Martin Pohl's work has been known since 1581. By 1595, he worked as a pupil at Caspar Berger's workshop, after the death of the master he married his widow and took over the workshop. Just like Berger, also Pohl created almost exclusively epitaphs and tombstones for the Silesian nobility. None of his works have been preserved in Legnica. He introduced the use of various materials, such as gabbro, alabaster, green and brown marble. He used German graphic designs. He specialized in fine alabaster reliefs. His work was signed by Martin Pohl Bildhauer zu Liegnitz. Most important works wiki

Dick Beebe, also known as Richard Beebe (July 6, 2008) is an American filmmaker. It's mostly associated with horror films: The Book of Shadows, the sequel to the iconic Blair Witch Project, the House on the Cursed Hill, remakes of the classic thriller under the same title from the fifties, or episodes of the grotesque Tales from the Crypt. In 2001, Beebe, Joe Berlinger, Daniel Myrick and Eduardo Sánchez were nominated for the Golden Raspberry antique for their screenplay for the Shadow Book: Blair Witch 2. wiki

Christianity's Paedagogia - is a semester-long published at the Nicolaus Copernicus University since 1997. The founder of the magazine is Fr. prof. dr hab. Jerzy Bagrowicz, who for many years was also editor-in-chief. At present, the function of academic editor is Fr. prof. dr hab. Jarosław Michalski. The journal is devoted to pedagogy of religion and Christian pedagogy. Each booklet contains four sections: Articles and Theses, Family Pedagogy, Reports, and Reviews. The scriptures depicts Christian inspirations and traditions in education and reflections on it. Works are published on philosophical-anthropological and biblical-theological basis of human education, from the problems of education present in the teaching of the Catholic Church and other problems in the field of religious education. Another issue discussed in the journal is the problem of human education in pluralistic and multicultural society. wiki

Simon Leys - literary pseudonym Pierre Ryckmans (born September 28, 1935 in Brussels, died August 10, 2014 in Canberra), Belgian sinologist, literary critic and writer. Pierre Ryckmans studied law at the Catholic University of Leuven (Louvain), then the language, literature and Chinese arts in Taiwan. In 1970 he settled in Australia. At first he lectured on Chinese literature in Canberra, then from 1987-1993 he was professor of sinology at the University of Sydney. He is a member of the Australian Academy of Humanities and the Royal Academy of French Literature (Académie Royale de Littérature Française). It is best known as the author of monographs on the Chinese Cultural Revolution and a translator of Chinese literature. He writes in French and English. His work was rewarded in Australia, France and Great Britain. In 2004 he received the prestigious Prix mondial Cino Del Duca. The nickname "Simon Leys", which he received prior to the publication of Mao Zedong's book...

Nikolai Wivichenko Nikolai Wwiedienski (Russian: Николай Евгеньевич Введенский, born 15 October 1885, died March 14, 1974) is a Russian physician and physiologist. In 1889 he became a professor at the University of St. Petersburg. He was a member of the Russian Academy of Sciences. He was involved in stimulation and inhibition of the nervous and muscular system. Owing to Wwiedienski, the electrophysiology of irritation developed. He used to be the first telephone receiver to detect nerve impulses in the muscles. wiki

Luis E. Miramontes ca. 1953 Luis Ernesto Miramontes Cárdenas (born March 16, 1925 in Tepic, Mexico, September 13, 2004) is a Mexican chemist, one of the inventors of the synthetic progestogen used in the first contraceptive pills. He graduated from the National Autonomous University of Mexico. He then joined the Mexican chemical company Syntex. There he collaborated with Carl Djerassi and George Rosenkranz. Working under their direction, he obtained (October 15, 1951) a synthetic noretisterone, used in some of the first oral contraceptives. wiki

Burshaya Bliznica - a barrow in the Taman Peninsula, 8 km south of the ruins of the ancient city of the Greek Fanagory, from the 4th century BC Terracotta figurines from the barrow Bolszaja Bliznica, collections Hermitage Its height is 15 m, circumference - 340 m. Under the embankment, 3 stone tombs were exposed, 2 grave plates and several cremation burials. In one of the tombs the walls are decorated with paintings of a plant theme, on the jumper of the dome was painted Demeter, decorated in Greek style. In another tomb, in a cypress wood sarcophagus, with ivory applications and carved elements, rested a priest in a golden calatraine on the head, decorated with a relief depicting the scene of a mythical battle, with rich jewelry, among others. a gold necklace with amphorae. There are also 26 terracotta figures associated with the cult of Demeter. All products are attributed to Greek or Bosnian masters, and were made in the spirit of Greek art of the late classical period. The ent...

Baltazar Batory (born 1560, died September 11, 1594) is the son of Andrzej Batory (died 1563), brother of Cardinal Andrzej Batore, nephew of King Stefan Batory In 1594, in anticipation of the abdication of the Prince of Transylvania, Zygmunt Batory (cousin Balthazar) was condemned by the opponents of Sigismund to be the successor of his cousin and was to become the ruler of Transylvania. Zygmunt's demise did not happen, rebellion was suppressed, his leaders cut off, and Baltasar and others were murdered in prison at the end of 1594. He had a name unknown to him who died during his father's life. wiki

Tretajuga (Devanagari त्रेतायुग, Treta Yuga) - In Hindu cosmology, the second part of Mahdi is 1,296,000 years old. Before the tretajuga is satjajuga, and after: bapara and kalijuga. Tretajuga is referred to as the silver age. People living in this period lived 10,000 years. In relation to satjajuga, the quality of human qualities such as memory or health has deteriorated. In this age, crime and debauchery began to appear. According to the Vaisnava, there is a specific form of Vishnu in each jug, and so for the tretajuga it is a red avatar. The recommended form of self-fulfillment during this period was the execution of great firefighters. wiki

Alton Ellis during a live performance in 2007 Alton Ellis (born September 1, 1938 in Kingston, October 10, 2008 in London) is a reggae musician named Jamaican rockstar goddess. He grew up in the Trenchtown slums. Since 1959, he has performed with Eddie Perkins (as Alton & Eddie duet), with whom he recorded several songs for Studio One. your first hit Muriel. After the departure of Perkins to the USA. Ellis began collaborating with Treasure Isle's Duke Reid, recording and performing with The Flames trio. In the mid-1960s, keyboardist Jack Mittoo introduced innovations to ska style, slowing down the pace and changing the role of instruments; In 1966, Get Ready - Rock Steady released a new style of music in Jamaica. In the following years, Ellis recorded for both Reid and Dodge "Coxsone." Disappointed by the slow development of the Jamaican music scene in 1972, he moved permanently to England. He founded his own label, Altone Records. He regularly recorded and toured. ...

L4 Mobat - a British non-recoil cannon. At the end of the 1940s, the L1 BAT was introduced to the British Army. His successor was the L4 Mobat. The same caliber was 235 kg lighter. Weight reduction was accomplished, inter alia, by the elimination of the tail with the armrest mounted to it (tow hook attached to the end of the barrel). The gun was equipped with an optical sight and a Bren km which was supposed to be used to fire the target. The machine gun was mounted on the left side of the barrel. L4 gun had a broken barrel and wedge lock with vertical wedge movement. A single nozzle was attached to the wedge. In the 1970s L4 Mobat was replaced by the lighter L6 Wombat. Bibliography wiki

Ks. Kazimierz Wais Kazimierz Wais (born February 6, 1865 in Klimkówka, died July 9, 1934 in Klimkówka) - Doctor of Philosophy, Prelate, Professor of Theological Sciences in Przemyśl 1895-1909, Jan Kazimierz in Lviv 1909-1929, Rector of the University in the academic year 1917-1918, rector of the Lviv Seminary of the 1918-1919, the first president of the Polish Theological Society 1924-1927. Honorary Professor of the University of Michigan. Jan Kazimierz in Lvov, honorary counsel of the Bishop of Przemysl. Bibliography wiki

Bavarian Highlands (422, also the Swabian-Bavarian Highland, Alpenvorland) is a pre-Alpine region in the southwest of Germany. The Bavarian highlands lie between Lake Constance and the upper part of the Inn River. To the north is the Swabian Jura, Frankivsk and the Bavarian Forest. It lies at an altitude of 300-600 m. It is a prehistoric ridge, in the Tertiary filled with molasses (thickness up to 3500 m). In the southern part there are moraine shafts and lakes, eg Ammersee, Starnberger See and rivers - Lech, Izara and Inn; They flow north to the Danube in shallow, wide valleys. There are currently spruce forests or cropland in natural forest cover. Much of the peatland was drained. The main highlands are Munich and Augsburg. Bibliography wiki

Meetings - a social-political weekly published in Poland in the years 1991-1993 (the number "zero" appeared in December 1990). The Weekly was meant to be a "Polish" Newsweek - a serious, colorful, opinion-forming journal that would involve engaging in current policies, Maciej Iłowiecki was the editor-in-chief, while the team was composed of: journalists Jacek Maziarski, Anatol Arciuch, Bogumił Luft and Sławomir Mizerski and photographers Erazm Ciołek and Jarosław Maciej Goliszewski. At the end of the writings (since mid-1992), Iłtycki was removed from directing the letter and his successor was Arciuch. The letter was issued by "Editions Meeting", a company belonging to the French consortium. His planned expenditure amounted to about 150 thousand. However, sales at the beginning of the magazine's existence amounted to 20 thousand. copies. It was only later that the magazine began to gain market share, but as a result of the publisher's finan...

Secondary endosymbiosis - a process in which an organism having an endosymbionate becomes an endosymbiona of another organism. The hypothesis of secondary endosymbiosis is used to describe the evolution of photosynthetic protists from the evolutionary line Archaeplastidae (including glaucophytes, algae and greens with terrestrial plants). According to her, chloroplasts originated from the primary endosymbiosis of cyanobacteria within the early eukaryotes of the Archaeplastida line, and then some of the resulting algae became endosymbions of other, previously unsuitable for photosynthesis of organisms. This phenomenon occurred independently of each other in several lines of development. Details remain investigated. According to some studies, secondary endosymbiosis occurred three times - the green herbs (or their ancestors) became the two endosymbiontes, and the hosts developed the eugenin line (Excavat supergroup) and Chlorarachniophyta (Rhizaria subspecies amphibus), once dwarfed ...

Bogdan Jóźwiak (born July 17, 1970 in Raciąż) is a Polish football player who plays as a midfielder. He started his professional career in Raciąż. Then he played in the following clubs: Wisła Płock, Widzew Łódź, Hapoel Taibe, Hapoel Kefar Sawa, Petrochemia Płock and RKS Radomsko. In the 1st division, he played 165 games, scoring 12 goals. From April 16, 2009 to June 12, 2014 he was the coach of the Third Division of the Warta Sieradz In April 2011 he was convicted of corruption in sport wiki

Slate Slate Slap - A device used to film a movie, allowing you to identify the next shot of the movie and its possible repetition (double) and synchronize the image and sound. It is used at the beginning of the next shot - the filmed slap is a kind of acoustic headline. Various video specifications are included, including: movie name, date, scene number, number and tone number. The device consists of 2 parts - a board and a board, and is traditionally black and white. At the start of each episode a member of the film crew called a clapper puts a slap in the frame, saying aloud and clearly eg "Never in the third scene, twenty four" and then hits the upper part of the slap to the bottom. This facilitates access to individual shots during the assembly phase and serves to synchronize images and soundtracks (the moment of impact of the parts is clearly audible and thus visible in the timeline). Slip - version with display and colored strap Sometimes it is not possible to set...

Jan Stępniewski - professor, economist, specialist in accounting and management; lecturer at the Jagiellonian University, head of the Department of Operational Management and Auditing. Lecturer at the University of Paris 13 in the Department of Enterprise Management. Former Rector of the Higher School of Management in Legnica. One of the founders of the French school of accountancy. In 1987 he published the book "Rules of Event Accounting". He has over 180 publications including 12 books. Co-author of the 10-language Accounting and Management Dictionary, issued by L'Harmattan Publishers in Paris. wiki

Polish Academy of Sciences Association of Gdańsk Dormitories Wisła - was established in Gdansk on 24 May 1913 at the Technical School (later Gdańsk University of Technology), as the Association of Gdańsk Dormitories. The founders of the Gdansk University Delegation were: In December 1918, the name was changed to the Association of Gdansk University of Wisla, and on June 29, 1921 to the Polish Academic Corporation ZAG Wisła. It was the oldest Polish corporation in Gdansk. To K! ZAG Wisła included among others: Insignia and Badges Colors P.K! A. ZAG Wisla: white-magenta cartel The corporation is associated with fraternal cartels of: wiki

Hermenegilda - a feminine name of Germanic origin. In Old German it meant "full sacrifice": ermen - 'full,' and the guild - 'sacrifice'. In Poland, Konstanty Ildefons Gałczyński created the character of Hermogenes Kociubińska, the character in "Zielona Gęś Teatime", and the book and TV series titled " Four armored dogs and a dog in which the name appears as a codename for the German landing operation (Hermenegilde komm!). Hermenegilda celebrates the name day of April 13. Zdrobnienia: Hermusia, Herminka, Herma, Hermenusia, Hermeniunia, Hermenka, Hermenegildzia. wiki

Synagogue in Awash in Herat - synagogue located in Herat, Afghanistan in the district of Momanda, which was called Majalla-ji Musahija, which means the Jewish quarter. The currently unused synagogue building is centered around the courtyard. The eastern, northern and southern parts are used as apartments, while in the western part of the city are staffed by the Department of Monuments Conservation in Herat. The building is in poor technical condition. There are precious polychromy and stucco in Persian style. wiki

The grave of Maciej Jakubowicz on the new Jewish cemetery in Cracow Maciej Meir Jakubowicz (Hebrew מאיר יאקובאוויטץ, born 1911 in Wadowice, died July 19, 1979 in Cracow) - Polish activist of the Jewish community, president of the Jewish Religious Association, 1945-1979, then the Congregation of the Jewish Faith in Cracow, Polish Army. During World War II he participated in the September campaign. He was a prisoner of Montelupich, Wiśnicz and concentration camps. After the war he was active in protecting the surviving Jewish monuments in Cracow. Following the anti-Semitic campaign that followed the events of March, he was a victim of communist repression. From marriage with Maria Róża from the house of Pistol (1915-2007) he had a son Tadeusz (born 1939). His nephew was Czeslaw Jakubowicz (1920-1997). He was friends with John Paul II. He is buried in the main avenue of the new Jewish cemetery in Cracow. wiki

Actio noxalis - in Roman law an action of a victim against a superior of a delinquent or slave owner of a slave if he was a slave. Characteristics of the action The action was in personam - the defendant could only be the person under whose authority the perpetrator was present (noksal responsibility). The suit was ordered to pay damages by the defendant and the fine (actio mixta). The defendant could, however, be released from liability by giving the injured person a delicacy in the mancipus until the damage is done. A special type of actio noxalis is actio doli. Bibliography wiki

Grass on Powazki Jerzy Rządkowski ps. Kieros (born February 16, 1922, died 25 August 1944 in Warsaw) was a lieutenant who participated in the Warsaw Uprising as commander of the 3rd Platoon "Felek" of the 2nd "Rudy" battalion "Zośka" battalion. Since 1934 he belonged to the 80th Scouting Team. Jędrzeja Śniadecki. During the German occupation he was active in the Polish underground army. In the Warsaw Uprising he fought mainly in Wola and in the Old Town. On the day of the Warsaw Uprising together with four soldiers (Jerzy Gawin, Andrzej Samsonowicz, Tadeusz Sumiński, Wojciech Markowski) and three paramedics (Irena Kolodyjska, Grażyna Zasacka, Stefania Grzeszczak) were cut off from the battalion during the battle to defend the cemeteries. This group, after losses, in the next days went to Kampinosu, from there to Żoliborz, and later, passing through the sewers to the Old Town, reached her unit on 24 August. He died the next day - the 25th day of the...

Wiesław Piotr Wójcik (born August 27, 1948 in Giżycko) is a Polish politician, government official, senator of the second term, member of Parliament for the second term of office. Curriculum vitae In 1972 he graduated from the Gdansk University of Technology with a degree in sanitary engineering. Until 1997, he was employed. in the design companies in Koszalin. He was the senator of the second term from the Koszalin Region and the second term of office from the Democratic Union. He later belonged to the Union of Freedom. In 1997 he did not apply for re-election. From 1998 to 2007 he held the position of Vice President of the Energy Regulatory Office. Since 2008 he has been the President of the Board of the Polish Chamber of Commerce for Renewable Energy for some time. Bibliography wiki

Tomb of Stanisław Wiśniewski in the Military Cemetery on Powazki Stanisław Wiśniewski (born May 8, 1934 in Płock, February 9, 2001) is a Polish politician, trade union activist and member of Parliament for the second term. He graduated in 1959 in Printing Technikum in Warsaw. He worked as a polygraph and drawing artist in various companies. In the second half of the 1980s he headed the Trade Union of Printing Workers. He took part in the plenary talks of the Round Table on the government side. From 1990 to 1998 he was Vice-Chairman of the All-Poland Trade Union Agreement, then headed the OPZZ Audit Committee. He served as a Member of Parliament for the second term from the list of the Democratic Left Alliance. During his tenure he went to Labor Union. He was Vice President of this grouping. Bibliography wiki

Aaron (died December 14, 1052 in Cologne) - Benedictine, abbot of the Sankt Martin monastery in Cologne. From a Scottish background, at a young age as a pilgrim he arrived in Cologne, where he settled in the Benedictine monastery of Sankt Martin, where he became an abbot in 1042. He died in the opinion of holiness. He is the author of a treatise on music, preserved in a manuscript in the library of his monastery - Tractatus de utilitate cantus vocalis et de modo cantandi atque psallendi. There was also another work attributed to him - De regulis tonorum et symphoniarum. Bibliography Authoritative control (person): wiki

Goals of punishment - Desirable social phenomena, which criminal law assumes can be achieved by subjugating perpetrators of criminal offenses. The goals of punishment are, together with the functions of punishment, the prerequisites for rationalization of punishment. Among the goals, the punishment is traditionally mentioned: Whether the punishment of a particular type and in a particular dimension will meet all goals of the penalty, depends on whether it is commensurate with the action for which it is directed; from its social acceptance; and in the case of individual prevention, also from the personal circumstances of the perpetrator. wiki

Prose poetry - a kind of prose, which includes works of a reflective, lyric-descriptive nature. These works are rich in metaphors, sophisticated vocabulary and are clearly rhythmic, repetitive, parallelistic. Examples of works written in poetic prose are the books of the Polish nation and the Polish pilgrimage of Adam Mickiewicz, everything is poetry by Edward Stachura or about the heroic horse and the crumbling house of Jan Kasprowicz. The poetical poems are also written in the beginning of subsequent acts of the Nie-God comedy by Zygmunt Krasiński. wiki

- Paweł Janas (1976) - Polish painter. Studied at the Academy of Fine Arts in Poznan and Wroclaw, where he received a Diploma in Industrial Design with Visual Communication in 2002. Janas paintings, raw in form, portray the equally raw reality and the author who is in this reality. In an organized emptiness created with the help of architecture - Autostrada (2005), Droga (2005), Tama (2005), and the everyday industry KFC (2004), Mc Donald's (2004) portrays himself stuck alone in a disguised world. To sit with such a life (2004). His paintings were used in the film Loneliness in the Web, dir. W. Adamek (2006). Works with gallery m2 [m square] in Warsaw. exhibitions wiki

Electromagnetic induction - the phenomenon of electromotive force in the conductor due to changes in magnetic field flux. This change may be due to changes in the magnetic field or relative motion of the conductor and the source of the magnetic field. This phenomenon was discovered in 1831 by English physicist Michael Faraday. The induction phenomenon is described by Faraday's electromagnetic induction law: E = & # x2212; d & # x03A6; B d t {\displaystyle {\mathcal {E}}=-{{d\Phi _{B}} \over dt}} , where: E {\displaystyle {\mathcal {E}}} is the induced electromotive force (SEM) in volts; ΦB is a stream of magnetic induction flowing through the guided surface. The change of magnetic flux may be due to conductor motion or magnetic field source. If it is rotary, the SEM generated in this way is called the electromotive force of rotation. SEM produced by static conductors as a result of changes in magnetic induction (usually caused by change in current) is called electrom...

Illustration depicting the pirate Jean Lafitte, Louisiana governor Charles Charles Cole Claiborne and General Andrew Jackson discussing New Orleans' defense plans against the British invasion at the end of 1814. Jean Lafitte is a nineteenth-century pirate and corsair, primarily in the Gulf of Mexico region. Named after the historic Lafitte National Historical Park and Preserve, Jean Lafitte in Louisiana, and the 1772 Lafitte's Blacksmith Shop on Bourbon Street in New Orleans. Jean Lafitte is also one of the characters in the Sid Meier's Pirates computer game. Authoritative control (person): wiki

Hector Boece. Hector Boece (Latin: Boethius, born in 1465, died 1536) is a Scottish philosopher and historian. Curriculum vitae He was born in Dundee and educated there. He then studied at the Sorbonne in Paris, where he met Erasmus, with whom he became a close friend. In 1497 he became professor of philosophy at the university. In 1500 he was persuaded to leave Paris and return to Aberdeen and was offered to direct the newly created James IV University in Aberdeen. In 1522 he published the Vitae Episcoporum Murthlacens et Aberdonensium, and in 1527 the Gentis Scotorum (History of Scotland), in which he described the history of Scotland to the throne of James III. This second work is his most important piece. At the beginning of the 1530s, the learned Giovanni Ferrerio, encouraged by Abbot Robert Reid of the Kinloss monastery, wrote the continuation of Boece's story, extending it to the end of James III's reign. At the end of 1534 Boece became rector of Boece Fyva. He d...

New born kangaroo in a breeding bag. Marsupium (lat. marsupium) - the female body of some animals used to keep eggs or young. Occurs in most marsupials and some invertebrates (armors and moles). invertebrates The invertebrate Marsupium called a chamber or nesting bag adopts various structures including Constructed of thoracic appendages or as a sternite recess. marsupials Marsupium marsupials, called a breeding bag, are made up of a skin fold placed on the female's belly, covering the lining of the lactating. From the name marsupium comes the scientific name of marsupials - Marsupialia. Bags are born poorly developed, blind, unexposed, not adapted to independent life. Immediately after birth, they get into a breeding bag where they attach to the mother's nipple. They remain in the breeding bag until they reach a stage where they can take an independent life. This period varies from species to species, up to one year. The best-educated bag was found in kangaroo and wombat. ...

Leydig cells, Leydig interstitial cells - cells found in male gonads functioning as androgenic. They are spread in small groups in the interstitial space in the testes. They have typical features of steroidogenic cells, including specific Reinke protein-specific crystals only. They produce and secrete the main male sex hormone: testosterone. Under the control of lutropin, they produce and release testosterone and renin, which through angiotensin-producing plasma regulates testosterone synthesis. The collection of these cells is called the interstitium gland. wiki

Jurgis Kriksčiunas, a politician of the Lithuanian Army, was one of the most well-known Lithuanian underground guerrillas in the post-war period. Suwalszczyzna area. Medical student. Since 1945 a member of the Lithuanian underground of independence, a soldier of partisan Dajnawa-Jazwież district. Information Officer, responsible for providing information on Stalinist persecution from Lithuania to the West. Poland arrived in 1946 as an emissary of the Lithuanian underground in order to organize communications with representatives of the French and US embassies. On December 24, 1946, Wojcichiszki, as a representative of the Lithuanian side, participated in the conclusion of an agreement on the area of ​​operation of Lithuanian troops on Polish soil, concluded with Michał Kaszczyk, a representative of the WIN command of the Augustinian and Suwałki Region. The border crossed again in 1947 and 1949. He was active in the Suwalki region, where at that time many Lithuanians lived, where he ...

Lei Renmin (Chinese: 雷任民, born 1909, died January 25, 2005) is a Chinese national activist. He came from Pingyao (Shanxi Province). For many years associated with the communist movement, in 1927 joined the Communist Youth League, and in 1937 to the Communist Party of China. He was a member of local and central authorities. Since 1951 Deputy Minister of Foreign Trade. He was one of the co-founders of the Chinese Credit and Investment Association; This institution has played a leading role in acquiring Chinese world markets in the 1970s. wiki

Bogdan Stanisław Szczygieł (born 12 June 1928 in Olkusz, died December 1, 1986) - doctor of medical science, writer, traveler, social activist. Curriculum vitae Since 1964 in PZPR. In the years 1964-1965 he stayed in Algeria as the head of the medical team of the International Civil Service (Service Civil International). From 1966 to 1977 he was in Niamey (Niger), where he worked as a radiologist, adviser to the president of the republic of health and a lecturer at the medical school of the university. At the turn of 1979/80 he made a trip to Benin, guiding the documentary expedition of the Ministry of Culture and Art. In 1980 he was the head of one of the PCK teams in Kampuchea. He was fascinated by African art, and the result of his collections was the African Museum created in his native Olkusz. Publications Bibliography wiki

Heinrich Fulsche (born 1913, died?) - a Nazi criminal, member of the concentration camp Mauthausen-Gusen and SS-Oberscharführer. Member of NSDAP (since 1937) and Waffen-SS. In the years 1940-1942 he was the second head of the prisoners' committee in the quarries of Wienergraben concentration camp Mauthausen. He was panting for his prisoners. Fulsche was tried in the Mauthausen-Gusen crew in the twentieth century before the American Military Tribunal in Dachau. He was sentenced to death by hanging. The verdict was invalidated due to procedural errors. Bibliography wiki

Oshu Kai Okinawa Shorin-Ryu Karate To Kobudo Federation (W.O.F.) - a world organization founded in 1993 by Okinawa karate master and kobudo - Kenyu Chinen. The organization is registered in Okinawa Prefecture (Japan), its headquarters and main Dojo is located in the traditional Mura-Saki-Mura complex in Yomitan (Okinawa-Japan). Okinawa Shorin-Ryu Karate and Okinawa Kobudō are also active in the organization. Sensei Kenyu Chinen - 9 dan is a direct disciple of masters: Choshin Chiban, Shuguro Nakazato and Katsuya Miyahira of Shorin-Ryu and Shinpou Matayoshi of kobudō. Currently, the organization brings together more than 20 countries from the Americas, Asia, Europe and Africa. The organization works closely with other traditional Okinawan organizations. The word "Oshu Kai" means "association of royal exercises" and specifies only the name of the organization. Representative of W.O.F. In Poland is sensei Alexander Staniszew - 8 dan, acting as general secretar...

Franz Adolf Namszanowski Franz Adolf Namszanowski, also Namszewski (born 12 August 1820 in Gdansk, died 22 March 1900 in Frombork) - German Catholic priest, He was born in a family of Polish origin in Gdansk (he was the son of Franciszek and Anna Maria from Kumm's house), where he studied elementary and junior high school; He was also a pupil of the Jesuit Gymnasium in Chełmno (matura 12 August 1842). He studied in Wroclaw and Braniewo (from 1844). He was ordained priest on June 1, 1846 in Frombork. As a well-known Polish, he was sent to work in the parishes of the Diocese of Warmia, which dominated the Polish population; He was a vicar in Stary Targ, Bartag and Biskupiec. From 1851 he taught religion at the Olsztyn junior high school, remaining a catechist even after taking up the post of parish priest in nearby Gryzlin (1852). From 1854 he was pastor in Rams. In 1861 he went to work in Konigsberg, where he served as dean of the Sambian; He also worked on student and military ...